1. Molecules, Transport & Health

Biological Molecules

1.1.1 The Importance of Water

1.1.2 Saccharides

1.1.3 Core Practical 1: Estimating the Concentration of Sugars & Starch

1.1.4 Condensation & Hydrolysis

1.1.5 Triglycerides & Ester Bonds

The Circulatory System

1.6 The Need for a Circulatory System

1.7 Blood Vessels: Structure & Function

1.8 The Cardiac Cycle

1.9 The Role of Haemoglobin

1.10 Atherosclerosis

1.11 Blood Clotting

Diet & Health

1.12 Reducing Risk Factors of CVD

1.13 Dietary Antioxidants & CVD

1.14 Core Practical 2: Investigate the Vitamin C Content of Food & Drink

1.15 Interpreting Data on Risk Factors

1.16 Designing Studies into the Effects of Risk Factors

1.17 Perception of Risk vs Actual Risk

1.18 Data on Cholesterol & Lipoproteins

1.19 Data on Effect of Diet

1.20 Treatments for CVD - Benefits & Risks

2. Membranes, Proteins, DNA & Gene Expression

Gas Exchange, Cell Membranes & Transport

2.1 Properties of Gas Exchange Surfaces

2.2 Cell Membranes

2.3 Core Practical 3: Investigating Membrane Structure & Permeability

2.4 Osmosis

2.5 Diffusion, Facilitated Diffusion & Active Transport

Proteins

2.6 Amino Acids, Proteins & Protein Structure

2.7 Enzymes - Roles & Modes of Action

2.8 Core Practical 4: Investigating the Rate of Enzyme Reactions

2.9 Nucleotides, DNA & RNA, Base Pairing

DNA & Gene Expression

2.10 DNA Replication

2.11 The Nature of the Genetic Code

2.12 How Bases Code for a Polypeptide Chain

2.13 Transcription & Translation

Inheritance

2.14 Mutations

2.15 Patterns of Inheritance & Sex Linkage

2.16 Cystic Fibrosis

2.17 Genetic Screening

2.18 Ethical & Social Issues of Genetic Screening

3. Cell Structure, Reproduction & Development

Cell Structure & Organisation

3.1 Cell Theory

3.2 Levels of Organisation of Cells

3.3 Eukaryotic Cells

3.4 The Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum & Golgi

3.5 Prokaryotic Cells

3.6 Electron Microscopy of Animal Cells

3.7 Microscopy: Magnification & Resolution

3.8 Core Practical 5 - Light Microscopy

Reproduction & Inheritance

3.9 Gene Locus

3.10 Meiosis & Variation

3.11 Mammalian Gametes

3.12 Fertilisation - Mammals

3.13 Fertilisation - Flowering Plants

3.14 The Cell Cycle & Mitosis

3.15 Core Practical 6: Observing the Stages of Mitosis

3.16 Calculation of Mitotic Index

3.17 Stem Cells & Cell Potency

3.18 Cell Specialisation

3.19 Post-Transcriptional Changes to mRNA

3.20 Gene Interaction & Epigenetics

3.21 Polygenic Inheritance & Continuous Variation

4. Plant Structure & Function, Biodiversity & Conservation

Plant Structure & Function

4.1 Plant Cell Structure

4.2 Electron Microscopy of Plant Cells

4.3 Starch & Cellulose: Structure & Function

4.4 Properties of Cellulose

4.5 The Vascular Structure of Plants

4.6 Core Practical 7: Identifying Tissue Types Within Stems

Plants & Conservation

4.7 Plant-Based Products for Sustainability

4.8 Water & Inorganic Ions in Plants

4.9 Core Practical 8: Determining the Tensile Strength of Plant Fibres

Plants & Bacterial Growth

4.10 Bacterial Growth Conditions

4.11 Plant Products with Antimicrobial Properties

4.12 Core Practical 9: Antimicrobial Properties of Plants

4.13 Development of Drugs & Drug Testing

Classification & Biodiversity

4.14 The Three Domains of Life

4.15 The Variety of Life

4.16 Biodiversity & Endemism

4.17 Species Richness & Heterozygosity Index

4.18 Index of Biodiversity

4.19 Ecological Niches & Adaptations

4.20 Hardy-Weinberg Equation

4.21 Roles of Seed Banks & Zoos in Conservation