Cyber Security (Cambridge (CIE) IGCSE Computer Science)

A company has a website that is stored on a web server.

The company is concerned about a distributed denial of service (DDoS) attack.

Describe what is meant by a DDoS attack.

Adele chooses to set a biometric password for her mobile device, instead of a personal identification number (PIN).

Give two reasons why a biometric password is more secure than a PIN.

Adele has a software‑based firewall installed on her mobile device.

The firewall gathers data about the traffic coming into and going out of her mobile device.

Explain how the firewall uses the gathered data to keep the mobile device more secure.

Joelle is a student who uses the Internet.

Joelle’s parent also uses the firewall to limit the websites that Joelle can access.

Explain how the firewall is used to limit the websites that Joelle can access.

Millions of emails are sent between users on a daily basis.

Identify two online security attacks that can be carried out using email.

Describe how email is used to enable the attack.

Data can also be damaged accidentally.

One example of how data can be damaged accidentally is by shutting down a computer before saving data. To prevent this from happening, a user should make sure they have saved all data before shutting down a computer.

Complete the table by giving three other examples of how data can be damaged accidentally.

Give a method of prevention for each example.

A manager at a company is concerned about a brute‑force attack on its employee user accounts

Describe how a brute‑force attack can be used to gain access to the employee user accounts.

A manager at a company is concerned about a brute‑force attack on its employee user accounts.

One possible aim for carrying out a brute‑force attack is to install malware onto the company network.

State two other aims for carrying out a brute‑force attack to gain access to the employee user accounts.

An art gallery uses secure socket layer (SSL) to provide a secure connection when selling art on its website.

Describe the process of SSL and explain how it provides a secure connection.

A student is concerned about the threats to their computer when using the internet.

The student wants to use some security solutions to help protect the computer from the threats.

Describe how each of the following security solutions will help protect the computer.

• Anti-malware

• Two-step verification

• Passwords

A student uses the internet for their schoolwork to research what is meant by pharming.

Draw and annotate a diagram to represent the process of pharming.