How Did Elizabeth Solve the Issue of Religion? (Edexcel GCSE History)

False.

Some people did not become Protestant when Elizabeth changed the religion in England in 1559. Some people decided to risk their safety by continuing to practice Catholicism.

The Church reinforced the monarch's power in England by enforcing new laws and by giving their congregation political messages created by the monarch.

A congregation is a group of people who have come together in a religious building for worship.

False.

Church courts were not abolished by Elizabeth I. Church courts continued to have a lot of power and made decisions on moral matters, such as marriage, slander and sexual offences.

The Church during the Elizabethan period was significant. It enforced the monarch's new laws, increased their legitimacy and passed on political messages.

Anne Boleyn was beheaded in 1536.

A heretic is a person who has beliefs that are considered wrong because they do against the country's official religion.

The majority of Catholics in England lived away from London. Most Catholics in England lived in the North West and the South East of England.

The North of England was more Catholic as it was further away from London and Protestantism had not reached the more isolated communities in the North.

During the reign of Mary I, many Protestants escaped to the Netherlands to escape being burnt at the stake.

A Puritan is an extreme Protestant. They want to 'purify' Christianity and believed in ridding Christianity of any features that were not written in the Bible.

Puritans were a threat to Elizabeth's authority because they did not believe that the monarch should be the Head of the Church.

Puritans believe that the clergy should wear a black vestment. Catholics, and the clergy under Elizabeth worse decorative vestments.

Elizabeth created the Religious Settlement in 1559.

The Act of Supremacy reiterated the monarch's authority over the Church of England.

Elizabeth gave herself the title of Supreme Governor when she became the Head of the Church of England.

The role of the Ecclesiastical High Commission was to ensure that churches were following Elizabeth's Religious Settlement.

Only one of Mary's Catholic Bishops agreed to take the oath accepting Elizabeth's authority as Supreme Governor.

The Act of Uniformity ensured that all churches looked the same and delivered equivalent church services.

A recusant is someone, usually of the Catholic faith, who refused to go to Church of England services in the 16th century.

True.

Many Catholics supported the Act of Uniformity because churches were allowed to have decorations, priests could wear special vestments and the wording of the prayer book was deliberately unclear allowing people to interpret it in their own way.

The recusancy fine under the Act of Uniformity was one-shilling for every absence.

All priests needed a licence to preach. This had to be presented to officials when they received their visitations.

8,000 members of the clergy agreed to take the oath to Elizabeth under the Act of Supremacy.

Elizabeth had to appoint 27 new bishops as the majority of Mary I's Catholic bishops refused to take the oath.

False.

The North was the slowest to enact Elizabeth's Religious Settlement.

A vestment is a special religious piece of clothing which the clergy wear.

Lancashire, Cumberland, Yorkshire and Westmorland had the highest number of recusants in England.

400 members of the clergy lost their jobs during the first visitation as they breached the Religious Settlement.

Visitations were conducted every three to four years during the reign of Elizabeth I.

The visitations monitored teachers, midwives, surgeons and physicians as well as the clergy as they all required licences to practice.

The term devout means to have a complete commitment to a cause of belief.

A crucifix is a representation of a cross with a figure of Jesus Christ on it.

Puritans considered crucifixes as idols, which they considered to be a sin against God.

True.

Elizabeth liked crucifixes in churches.

Elizabeth allowed Puritans to remove the crucifix from churches after Puritan bishops threatened to resign. There were not enough Protestant clergymen to replace the Puritan bishops if they resigned.

A vestment is robe worn by the clergy during services.

By 1565, Elizabeth became aware that Puritan clergymen were breaching the Act of Uniformity.

37 of 110 Puritan bishops failed to attend the exhibition on the Church of England vestments.

Elizabeth fired those Puritan bishops who failed to attend the Archbishop of Canterbury's exhibition on vestments.

True.

Elizabeth calculated that the Puritans would not create a plot to overthrow her. They did not have an alternative monarch or help from a foreign country.

In 1566, the Pope instructed all Catholics not to attend Church of England services.

Approximately one-third of the Catholic English nobility did not attend Church of England services.

The earls of Northumberland and Westmorland were angry with Elizabeth's Religious Settlement as they no longer had influence in the Royal Court that they had under Mary I.

The Revolt of the Northern Earls happened in November 1569.

During the Revolt of the Northern Earls the Catholic rebels had Catholic Mass at Durham Cathedral.

The Earl of Sussex ended the Revolt of the Northern Earls on 16th December 1569 by using royal troops.

False.

Elizabeth executed hundreds of northern rebels, including the Earl of Northumberland.

After the Revolt of the Northern Earls, the Earl of Westmorland escaped England and fled to the Spanish Netherlands under the protection of Philip II of Spain.

True.

In early Elizabethan England, many influential people in England were Catholic. Many nobles in the North-East of England were Catholic and there were many Catholic bishops in the House of Lords.

The Hapsburgs were a Catholic family dynasty that ran the majority of Europe during the Elizabethan period.

The Holy Roman Empire covered different states and kingdoms in modern-day Germany, Italy, Poland and Austria.

A religious war broke out in France in 1562 between the Protestant Huguenots and the Catholic nobility.

The French Wars of Religion happened in 1562 because the French ruler Catherine de Médici showed more tolerance to the Protestant Huguenots. This angered a powerful Catholic family called the Guise.

False.

Elizabeth's plans to help the Huguenots in France failed. The Huguenots made peace with the Catholics and Elizabeth singed the Treaty of Troyes, officially handing over Calais to France.

In the 16th Century, Spain owned the Netherlands.

Philip II of Spain created a trade embargo of English cloth to the Netherlands as he believed that the cloth trade spread Protestantism into the Netherlands.

The Dutch Revolt of 1566-1568 happened as:

1. Spain's influence in the Netherlands continued to grow

2. Spain used violence against the Dutch through the Spanish Inquisition and the Duke of Alba

True.

The Dutch Revolt was stopped in 1568 by the Duke of Alba by establishing the 'Council of Troubles'.

Elizabeth I was worried about the actions of the Duke of Alba as the Netherlands was close to England and Alba's Counter-Reformation could spread to England.

False.

Elizabeth I condemned the Dutch Protestants yet they continued to flee to England.

In the 1560s, Elizabeth I actively avoided a war with Spain as Spain was much stronger, had the support of the Pope and could trigger a civil war in England.