1 markThe following table shows some examples of waves
Which row correctly lists the nature of each of the wave types?
| Â | Sound waves | Infrared waves | Red light waves |
| A | transverse | longitudinal | transverse |
| B | longitudinal | transverse | transverse |
| C | longitudinal | longitudinal | transverse |
| D | transverse | transverse | longitudinal |
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1 markWhat is the definition of the word amplitude?
The number of complete waves that pass a point per second.
The distance from the peak of one wave to the peak of an adjacent wave.
The distance from the equilibrium position of a peak plus the same distance from a trough.
The maximum distance from the equilibrium position of any point on a wave.
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1 markWhat is the name given to the effect that allows the wavefronts to reach point X, shown on the diagram?
Reflection
Refraction
Diffraction
Dispersion
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1 markWhich two points on the wave are exactly one wavelength apart?
P and S
Q and R
Q and S
P and R
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1 markWhat is the unit of wave speed?
Hertz
Metre
Second
Metres per second
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1 markWater waves travel from deeper water to more shallow water. This causes them to refract.
Which wave property always remains the same when refraction occurs?
Wavelength
Frequency
Amplitude
Speed
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1 markWhich of the following waves are longitudinal?
Radio waves from a radio broadcaster.
Infrared waves from an oven.
Sound waves from a guitar.
Water waves on a lake.
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1 markWhich of the following statements about sound waves is incorrect?
Sound waves are longitudinal.
Sound waves transfer energy away from the source.
Sound waves push air away from the source.
Sound waves cause objects to vibrate.
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1 markThe speed of a wave is doubled. The frequency remains the same.
What happens to the wavelength of the wave?
It doubles
It halves
It remains the same
It becomes four times as large
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1 markWhen water waves travel from deeper water into more shallow water they are refracted.
Why does the wave change direction in the manner shown?
The wave speed increases.
The wave speed decreases.
The frequency increases.
The frequency decreases.
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1 markA sound wave travels through air. The lines in the diagram show the positions of particles of air at one particular time.
Which distance is the wavelength of the wave?
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1 markA water wave in a ripple tank refracts as it moves from deep water into shallower water.Â
What happens to the speed and to the frequency of the wave as it moves into shallower water?
| Â | Speed | Frequency |
|
A B C D |
decreases increases stays constant stays constant |
stays constant stays constant decreases increases |
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1 markSound waves travel at a speed of 1500 m/s through a substance. Their wavelength is 5.00 cm.
What is their frequency?
30Â kHz
75 Hz
7.5 kHz
300 Hz
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1 markThe diagrams below show the wavefront diagrams of light as it passes from glass into air. They are magnified many times.
Which diagram correctly shows what happens to the wavefronts as they pass the glass-air boundary?
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1 markThe diagram shows a plane water wave approaching a gap as viewed from above.
How could the situation be changed so that the waves on the far side of the gap do not spread out as far?
Decrease the speed of the waves (but keep their wavelength the same).
Increase the speed of the waves (but keep their wavelength the same).
Make the gap a little smaller.
Make the gap a little bigger.
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1 markA small child throws a stone into a very still pond.
Where the stone hits the water, waves travel outwards in a circular pattern until they reach the side of the pond.
In a very uncharacteristic move for a small child, he notices that six waves arrive in a time of 3.2 s (the child has a remarkably accurate internal clock).
To 3 significant figures, what is the frequency of the waves?
1.50 Hz
19.2 Hz
0.533 Hz
1.88 Hz
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1 markWith skillful use of particular laboratory equipment, water can be used to demonstrate reflection, refraction and diffraction.
For each of these, which row shows whether or not the wavelength of the water waves changes?
| Â | Reflection | Refraction | Diffraction |
| A | yes | yes | yes |
| B | no | no | no |
| C | yes | yes | no |
| D | no | yes | no |
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