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O LevelChemistryCambridgeExam Questions2. Atoms, Elements & Compounds2.4 Ions & Ionic Bonds

Ions & Ionic Bonds (Cambridge O Level Chemistry)

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2.4 Ions & Ionic Bonds

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2.4 Ions & Ionic Bonds

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11 mark

What change occurs to an atom when it forms a negative ion?

  • It loses electrons.

  • It gains protons.

  • It gains electrons.

  • It loses protons.

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21 mark

Lithium and chlorine react together to form lithium chloride. During formation, each lithium atom…..1….. one …..2….. which is completely …..3….. to the chlorine atom.

What words correctly fill gaps 1, 2 and 3?

  1 2 3
A gains electron shared
B loses electron transferred
C gains proton transferred
D loses proton shared

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    31 mark

    Which of the statements describes ionic bonding?

    • Electrostatic attraction between atoms

    • Electrostatic attraction between positively charged particles and delocalised electrons

    • Electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions

    • Electrostatic attraction between the nuclei of two atoms and a shared pair of electrons

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    41 mark

    The structure of an ionic compound, sodium chloride, is a lattice structure.

    Which of the following statements about an ionic lattice structure is not true?

    • There is a regular arrangement of ions in the lattice

    • The layers of ions slide over each other easily in the lattice

    • The ions are arranged with alternating anions and cations

    • Strong electrostatic forces of attraction occur between oppositely charged ions

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    51 mark

    Magnesium is a Group II element and chlorine is a Group VII element.

    These elements react together to form an ionic compound.

    Which row is correct?

      Mg electron change Mg ion formed Formula of compound
    A gain Mg2+ Mg2Cl
    B gain Mg+ MgCl2
    C lost Mg2+ MgCl2
    D lost Mg+ Mg2Cl2

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      11 mark

      Which element does not form a stable ion with the same electronic configuration as neon?

      • Magnesium

      • Fluorine

      • Sodium

      • Chlorine

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      21 mark

      The electronic configuration of an ion was determined to be 2.8.8.

      What could the identity of the ion be?

        Ca2+ S2-
      A cross times ✓
      B ✓ cross times
      C ✓ ✓
      D cross times cross times

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        31 mark

        The table below shows the properties of four substances, W, X, Y and Z.

        Substance Melting point Boiling point  Conducts electricity when
          / o C / o C solid  liquid
        W 3410 5930 yes yes
        X 801 1413 no yes
        Y 3550 4830 no no
        Z -91 98 no no

        Use the information in the table to identify the substance that is an ionic compound.

        • Substance W

        • Substance X

        • Substance Y

        • Substance Z

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        41 mark

        Calcium reacts with fluorine to form calcium fluoride

        Which statement describes what happens to calcium atoms in this reaction?

        • Calcium ions lose electrons to form positive charges. .

        • Calcium atoms gain 3 electrons to form positive ions.

        • Calcium ions gain 2 electrons to form positive ions.

        • Calcium atoms lose 2 electrons to form positive ions.

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        51 mark

        Which of the following dot-and-cross diagrams shows the correct arrangement of electrons in lithium sulfide?

        1-6-q3-edexcel-igcse-chemistry-

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          61 mark

          Which particle contains most electrons?

          • O3–

          • Ne

          • Na–

          • Mg3+

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          71 mark

          The symbols for two ions are shown.

          straight F presubscript 9 presuperscript 19 superscript minus                  Na presubscript 11 presuperscript 21 superscript plus

          Which statement is correct?

          • The fluoride ion contains more electrons than the sodium ion.

          • The sodium ion contains more neutrons than the fluoride ion.

          • The two ions contain the same number of electrons as each other.

          • The two ions contain the same number of protons as each other.

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          81 mark

          What happens to an atom of a Group II element when it forms a compound with oxygen?

          • It bonds with two atoms of oxygen.

          • It receives two electrons from an atom of oxygen.

          • It shares two electrons with an atom of oxygen.

          • It transfers two electrons to an atom of oxygen.

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          11 mark

          Ionic compounds are formed when a metal reacts with a nonmetal.

          Which two elements combine to form this kind of compound?

          Element Electronic structure
          Q 2.4
          R 2.8
          S 2.8.1
          T 2.8.7

          • S and T

          • R and S

          • Q and R

          • Q and T

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          21 mark

          The electronic structures of atoms X and Y are shown.

          q2--2-2-mcq-hard-cie-igcse-chemistry

          X and Y combine by ionic bonding.

          What is the formula of the compound produced?

          • X2Y

          • X2Y2

          • X2Y4

          • XY

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          31 mark

          The electronic structures of atoms X and Y are shown.

          q3--2-2-mcq-hard-cie-igcse-chemistry

          X and Y combine by ionic bonding.

          What is the formula of the compound produced?

          • X2Y

          • X2Y2

          • X2Y4

          • XY

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          41 mark

          Ionic compounds are formed when metals react with nonmetals.

          Which row correctly describes the electron transfer when an ionic bond is formed and the nature of the bond?

            Electron transfer Nature of bond
          A Metal to nonmetal Opposite ions attract
          B Metal to nonmetal Opposite ions repel
          C Metal to metal Same ions repel
          D Nonmetal to metal Opposite ions attract

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            51 mark

            Ionic compounds are formed when a metal reacts with a nonmetal.

            Which two elements combine to form this kind of compound?

            Element Electronic structure
            Q 2.8.8.1
            R 2.8.7
            S 2.8.4
            T 2.8.8

            • Q and T

            • Q and R

            • R and S

            • S and T

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            61 mark

            Potassium and bromine chemically combine to form the compound potassium bromide.

            During formation, each bromine atom…..1….. one electron which is completely …..2….. from the outer shell of the potassium atom. The …..3….. force of attraction is formed from the attraction between the opposite charges on each ion.

            What words correctly fill gaps 1, 2 and 3?

              1 2 3
            A loses shared electrical
            B loses transferred intermolecular
            C gains shared electrostatic
            D gains transferred electrostatic

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              71 mark

              The table below shows four different substances.

              Which substance does the type of bonding shown not match?

                Substance Type of bonding present
              Ionic Covalent Metallic
              A Fluorine   ✓  
              B Potassium chloride ✓    
              C Beryllium   ✓  
              D Sodium bromide ✓    

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                81 mark

                The bonding present in a substance determines the structure and properties of that substance.

                Which of the following statements is a correct description of the structure of an ionic compound?

                • A lattice structure with an irregular arrangement of alternating positive and negative ions

                • A lattice structure with a regular arrangement of alternating positive and negative ions

                • A random structure with a regular arrangement of alternating positive and negative ions

                • A random structure with an irregular arrangement of alternating positive and negative ions

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                91 mark

                The ionic lattice structure of potassium chloride is shown below.

                q9--2-2-mcq-hard-cie-igcse-chemistry

                Which of the following statements best describes the bonding and structure of KCl?

                • A small lattice structure held together by electrostatic forces between oppositely charged ions which act in all directions.

                • A small lattice structure held together by electrostatic forces between like charged ions which act in all directions.

                • A giant lattice structure held together by electrostatic forces between oppositely charged ions which act in all directions.

                • A giant lattice structure held together by electrostatic forces between oppositely charged ions which act in one direction only.

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                101 mark

                A student analysed an ionic compound and a covalent compound using a melting point apparatus. She found the ionic compound had a much higher melting point than the covalent compound.

                Which statement explains this observation?

                • Ionic compounds are formed from metals only.

                • Ionic compounds are formed from nonmetals and nonmetals.

                • There are strong electrostatic forces of attraction in ionic compounds.

                • There are strong intermolecular forces in ionic compounds.

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