Atomic Structure & the Periodic Table (Cambridge O Level Chemistry)

The table gives the composition of three particles.

What is the evidence in the table for each of the following? 

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The table shows the number of protons, neutrons and electrons in some atoms or ions.

Complete the table. The first line is given as an example.

particle	number of protons	number of electrons	number of neutrons	symbol or formula
A	6	6	6
B	12	12	12
C	8
D	11	10	13

The table below gives information about particles.

Complete the table. The first line has been done for you.

Gallium is a Group III element.

Define the term element.

The following are gallium atoms.

Complete the following table.

atom	number of protons	number of neutrons	number of electrons

The table below gives the composition of six particles which are either atoms or ions.

Which particles are atoms? Explain your choice.

Which particle is a negative ion and why has this particle got a negative charge?

Which particles are positive ions?

Explain why particle A and particle D are isotopes.

Figure 1.1 shows the electronic configurations of five atoms, A, B, C, D and E.

Figure 1.1

Each letter may be used once, more than once or not at all.

Give the letter of the atom, A, B, C, D or E, that is in Group III of the Periodic Table.

Give the letter of the atom, A, B, C, D or E, that  has 13 protons.

Give the letter of the atom, A, B, C, D or E, that  is a noble gas. 

Give the letter of the atom, A, B, C, D or E, that forms a stable ion with a single negative charge.

Sulfuric acid is a compound.

Define the term compound.

Complete Table 2.1  to show the number of electrons, neutrons and protons in the sulfur atom and oxide ion.

Table 2.1 

	number of electrons	number of neutrons	number of protons
	16
		10

Complete Figure 2.2 to show the electronic configuration of a potassium ion.

Atoms and ions contain protons, neutrons and electrons.

Complete Table 2.1.

Table 2.1

Table 2.2 shows some information about six particles.

Table 2.2

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Explain your answer.

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The symbols of six particles are shown below.

Select from the list of particles to answer the following questions. A particle may be selected once, more than once or not at all.

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Two different atoms of sodium are and .

 is radioactive. It changes into an atom of a different element which has one more proton.
Identify this element.

The table gives the composition of three particles.

What is the evidence in the table for each of the following?

Complete the table which gives the names, symbols, relative masses and relative charges of the three subatomic particles.

Use the information in the table to explain the following.

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The table below gives the number of protons, neutrons and electrons in atoms or ions.

particle	number of protons	number of electrons	number of neutrons	symbol or formula
A	9	10	10
B	11	11	12
C	18	18	22
D	15	18	16
E	13	10	14

Complete the table. The first line is given as an example.

Which atom in the table is an isotope of the atom which has the composition 11p, 11e and 14n?

Give a reason for your choice.

This question is concerned with the elements in Period 5, Rb to Xe.

The electron distributions of some of these elements are given in the following list.

element A    2 + 8 + 18 + 10
element B    2 + 8 + 18 + 18 + 8
element C    2 + 8 + 18 + 18 + 5
element D    2 + 8 + 18 + 18 + 6
element E    2 + 8 + 18 + 18 + 4
element F    2 + 8 + 18 + 18 + 7

Predict two differences in physical properties and two differences in chemical properties between rubidium and the transition metal niobium.

physical .............................................................................................

chemical ............................................................................................