O LevelChemistryCambridgeExam Questions10. Chemistry of the Environment10.3 Air Quality & Climate

Air Quality & Climate (Cambridge O Level Chemistry)

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10.3 Air Quality & Climate

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10.3 Air Quality & Climate

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11 mark

Clean air contains oxygen, nitrogen, carbon dioxide and some noble gases. Which row correctly states the percentages of each gas present in clean, unpolluted air?

 

% O2 

% N2 

% CO2 & noble gases 

A

20

78

2

B

21

78

1

C

19

79

2

D

20

79

1

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    21 mark

    Nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide and carbon monoxide are all air pollutants. Which row correctly describes the major source of each pollutant?

     

    NO2 

    SO2 

    CO

    A

    car engines

    power stations

    respiration

    B

    power stations

    car engines

    car engines

    C

    respiration

    power stations

    car engines

    D

    car engines

    power stations

    car engines

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      31 mark

      Human activities are contributing to the increase of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. 

      Which two human activities contribute to the release of methane?

      • Deforestation and cattle farming

      • Burning fossil fuels and deforestation 

      • Cattle farming and sending rubbish to landfill

      • Sending rubbish to landfill and deforestation

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      41 mark

      Which words complete the gaps 1 & 2 in the word equation for photosynthesis?

      carbon dioxide +                 1                →                 2                + oxygen

        1 2
       A water hydrogen
       B glucose water
       C hydrogen carbon monoxide
       D water glucose

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        51 mark

        Human activities increase the level of nitrogen oxides, sulfur dioxide and carbon dioxide in our atmosphere.

        Which row correctly shows the effect of each of these gases in our atmosphere?

          Oxides of nitrogen Sulfur dioxide Carbon dioxide
        A global warming respiratory problems photochemical smog
        B acid rain photochemical smog respiratory problems
        C photochemical smog acid rain global warming
        D respiratory problems global warming acid rain

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          11 mark

          Four chemical processes are described below. Which reactions contribute to global warming?

          1 Reacting hydrochloric acid with magnesium carbonate.
          2 The complete combustion of propane.
          3 Heating calcium carbonate.
          4 Reacting sodium hydroxide with magnesium carbonate.

          • 1, 2 & 3

          • 1 & 4

          • 1, 3 & 4

          • All 4

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          21 mark

          Petrol engines produce pollutants as a by-product of internal combustion. Catalytic converters are fitted to cars to reduce the level of pollution they produce in their exhaust gases.

          Which statement about this process is not correct?

          • Nitrogen and oxygen react to produce nitrogen dioxide.

          • Carbon monoxide undergoes oxidation in the catalytic converter.

          • Carbon monoxide is formed when petrol undergoes complete combustion.

          • Nitrogen monoxide undergoes reduction in the catalytic converter.

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          31 mark

          Which row correctly shows two ways of reducing the formation of acid rain?

          A Use a catalytic convertor Reduce the amount of livestock farming
          B Plant more trees Use fuels containing low levels of sulfur
          C Use fuels containing low levels of sulfur Use a catalytic convertor
          D Reduce the amount of livestock farming Plant more trees

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            41 mark

            The table below shows the composition of the atmosphere found on a new planet. 

            gas percentage by volume
            nitrogen 74
            carbon dioxide 4
            oxygen 22

            Which gases are present in the atmosphere of the planet in a lower percentage than they are in the Earth's atmosphere? 

            • oxygen and carbon dioxide

            • nitrogen and oxygen

            • nitrogen only

            • carbon dioxide only

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            51 mark

            Which strategy for reducing the effect of environmental issues would not help reduce climate change?

            • Reduce the amount of livestock farming

            • Plant more trees

            • Fit catalytic convertors on vehicles

            • Use renewable energy resources 

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            61 mark

            Ethanol is produced by the fermentation of glucose from sugar cane. In some countries ethanol is used as a fuel.

            Which statements are correct?

            1 Sugar cane is a non-renewable (finite) resource.
            2 When sugar cane is growing it removes carbon dioxide from the atmosphere.

            • 1 only

            • 2 only

            • both 1 and 2

            • neither 1 nor 2

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            71 mark

            Which statement about gases in the atmosphere is correct?

            • Carbon monoxide is a pollutant which causes acid rain.

            • Catalytic converters reduce carbon monoxide to carbon dioxide.

            • Methane in the atmosphere depletes the ozone layer.

            • Photosynthesis adds oxygen to the atmosphere.

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            11 mark

            Internal combustion engines produce oxides of nitrogen which are pollutants. Which statement about oxides of nitrogen is correct?

            • Oxides of nitrogen are formed by the reaction of fuel with nitrogen.

            • Oxides of nitrogen are formed by the reaction of exhaust gases with air.

            • Catalytic converters remove oxides of nitrogen from car exhausts by oxidation.

            • Catalytic converters remove oxides of nitrogen from car exhausts by reduction.

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            21 mark

            Oxides, XO and YO2 are released into the air from power stations and car exhausts. 

            What are X and Y?

              X Y
            A carbon and nitrogen carbon and nitrogen only
            B carbon and nitrogen carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur 
            C carbon only sulfur only
            D carbon only sulfur and nitrogen only

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              31 mark

              Flue gas desulfurisation uses calcium oxide to reduce the emissions of sulfur dioxide.

              Which statements are correct?

              1 Sulfur dioxide is a basic oxide
              2 Sulfur dioxide is responsible for the production of acid rain 
              3 Calcium oxide reacts with acids
              4 Sulfur dioxide emissions can also be reduced by using low sulfur fuels

              • 1, 2 and 3 

              • 1 and 2 only

              • 1, 3 and 4

              • 2, 3 and 4

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              41 mark

              Which of the following equations would not occur inside a catalytic converter?

              • 2NO → N2 + O2

              • N2 + 2CO2 → 2NO + 2CO

              • 2NO2 → N2 + 2O2

              • 2CO + O2 → 2CO2

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              5
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              Photosynthesis is an endothermic reaction in which carbon dioxide and water react to form glucose and water

              What is the maximum mass of glucose that can be produced from 40 cm3 of carbon dioxide?

              • 0.05 g

              • 0.30 g

              • 50 g

              • 300 g

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