2 marksFig. 1 is a photograph of a lion.
Fig. 1
Lions are mammals and have the scientific name Panthera leo.
(i) State one feature visible in Fig. 1 that identifies the lion as a mammal.
[1]
(ii) State the genus of this mammal.
[1]
3 marksMammals are one of the five groups of vertebrates.
Some features of three vertebrate groups are listed. Identify the vertebrate groups.
(i) Lay soft-shelled eggs
[1]
(ii) Feathers
[1]
(iii) Smooth, moist skin
[1]
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1 markScientists classify organisms into groups.
State one feature that is used to identify vertebrates.
7 marksVertebrates are classified into five groups.
Fig. 1 shows three vertebrates found in Australia.
Fig. 1
The emu, the saltwater crocodile and the duck-billed platypus each belong to a different vertebrate group.
All three animals lay eggs that develop and hatch on land.
(i) State the name of the vertebrate group to which emus belong and give one feature of this group that is visible in Fig. 1.
[2]
(ii) State the name of the vertebrate group to which crocodiles belong and give one feature of this group that is visible in Fig. 1.
[2]
(iii) The duck-billed platypus is classified as a mammal.
Give evidence from Fig. 1 for and against classifying the duck-billed platypus as a mammal.
[3]
2 marksThere are two groups of vertebrates which lay eggs that develop in water.
State the name of these two groups of vertebrates.
6 marksComplete the sentences about kingdoms.
Vertebrates belong the kingdom ____________. All vertebrates have a ___________. There are _______ classes of vertebrates; one class is mammals.
There are four other kingdoms which include plants, ___________, ____________ and _____________.
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1 markFig. 1 shows six different arthropods labelled A, B, C, D, E and F.
Fig. 1
State one feature that can be used to classify an animal as an arthropod.
3 marks(i) State one visible feature that arthropods A, B and C have that arthropods D, E and F do not have.
[1]
(ii) State the letter of the organism in Fig. 1 that is a crustacean. Give a reason for your answer.
[2]
2 marksOne of the drawings shows an arthropod named Araneus diadematus.
This arthropod has a body in two segments and it has eight legs.
(i) State the letter of the organism in Fig. 1 that shows Araneus diadematus.
[1]
(ii) State the name of the group of arthropods that includes Araneus diadematus.
[1]
1 markThe phylum arthropods can be grouped into different classes.
State how many classes are found within the phylum arthropod.
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1 markState one similarity between the structure of bacteria and the structure of viruses.
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Organisms can be classified into groups by the features they share.
State two features used to classify humans as mammals.
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Humans may be infected with pathogens such as viruses.
State the two main features of a virus.
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3 marksTable 1 shows the names of three groups of arthropods and some of their characteristics.
Place ticks (✓) in the boxes to show the characteristics present in each group.
Table 1
characteristic | arthropod group | ||
arachnids | crustaceans | myriapods | |
four pairs of legs |
|
|
|
one pair of antennae |
|
|
|
body divided into two main parts |
|
|
|
6 marksFig. 1 shows the apparatus used by some students during an investigation.
The apparatus is drawn as seen from above.
Fig. 1
Some arthropods were placed in the container.
A drop of red dye was inserted into the capillary tube.
The drop of red dye in the capillary tube gradually moved towards the arthropods.
(i) Explain why the drop of red dye moved towards the arthropods.
The investigation shown in Fig. 1 was repeated at different temperatures.
Fig. 2 shows the results.
[3]
Fig. 2
(ii) State the trend shown in Fig. 2.
[1]
(iii) Calculate the percentage increase in the rate of dye movement between 10°C and 20°C.
Show your working.
[2]
4 marks(i) State the group of arthropods the student used in Fig. 1.
[1]
(ii) Describe the features visible in Fig. 1 that identify this group.
[3]
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1 markA scientist discovered a new organism and observed some cells from the organism. Table 1 below shows some of the features observed during examination.
Table 1
feature | observations |
cell type | multicellular |
cell wall | chitin |
food source | saprophytic or parasitic |
nucleus | present |
other organelles | mitochondria, ribosomes |
Suggest which Kingdom the organism belongs to using the observations recorded by the scientist.
2 marksThe scientist used DNA sequencing to further study the cells.
Explain why the scientist used DNA sequencing.
4 marksAll animals share some similarities and differences with prokaryotes.
Compare the main features of animals and prokaryotes.
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4 marksFlowering plants can be divided into two groups.
(i) State the two groups of flowering plants.
[1]
(ii) Explain how to distinguish between the two groups.
[3]
2 marksA student found the plant shown in Fig. 1 growing in the school grounds.
Fig. 1
Explain what type of plant this would be classified as.
4 marksThe student investigated how the number of leaves on the plant varied. The student visited three different sites within the school grounds and counted the leaves found on one plant within each site.
Table 1 shows the results of his experiment.
Table 1
school site | number of leaves |
A | 54 |
B | 23 |
C | 47 |
Use the grid below to draw a graph of these results.
1 markDetermine how the student could improve the reliability of their data.
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