4 marksFig. 1 shows a group of male students. They are all the same age.
Fig. 1
The students in Fig. 1 show continuous variation in some of their characteristics.
State three characteristics in which these students show continuous variation.
[3]
State one example of discontinuous variation.
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1 markBlood group is an example of discontinuous variation.
The blood groups of patients in a hospital were recorded.
Fig. 1 shows the results.
Fig. 1
Explain how Fig. 1 shows that blood group is an example of discontinuous variation.
2 marksTable 1 shows different examples of variation.
Tick all the boxes that show examples of discontinuous variation.
Table 1
| Attached or unattached earlobes | Â |
| Foot length | Â |
| Height | Â |
| Tongue rolling | Â |
| Weight | Â |
3 marksVariation can be caused by mutation.
The word mutation can be connected to the words in the boxes on the right to make a complete sentence.
Draw three lines to join the word ‘mutation’ to the words in the boxes to make three correct sentences.
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3 marksAn ecologist studied the features of a plant with leaves specialised into spikes.
Fig. 1 shows the variation in the type of leaf spike.
Fig. 1
State the type of variation shown in Fig. 1.
[1]
Explain why the type of leaf spike is an example of the variation shown in Fig. 1.
2 marksThe ecologist also measured other features of the leaves.
Fig. 2 shows the variation in leaf feature B.
Fig. 2
State two named features of leaves that show the type of variation shown in Fig. 2.
1 markAfter one year, the ecologist recorded the variation in leaf feature B again.
The results are shown in Fig. 3.
Fig. 3
Suggest one reason for the difference in variation of leaf feature B after one year.
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6 marksA student carried out a study on aquatic plants.
They investigated the submergence of leaves in a pond and the depth of the roots within sediment.
Table 1 shows their results.Â
Table 1
| submergence of leaf within pond | depth of roots within sediment / cm |
| floating | 58 |
|
partially submerged |
35 |
| fully submerged | 23 |
(i)
Explain which type of data is shown by the depth of roots within the sediment.
[2]
Explain which type of graph would best display this data.
[2]
Suggest a conclusion for the data.
[2]
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