Genes & Protein Production (Cambridge (CIE) O Level Biology): Revision Note

Genes & Protein Production

• A gene is a short length of DNA found on a chromosome

• Each gene codes for a particular sequence of amino acids that make up a protein

  • These proteins determine the characteristics of the person and the activities of the cells 

• There are many different types of proteins but some example of these could be:

  • Structural proteins such as collagen found in skin cells

  • Enzymes

  • Hormones

• The sequence of bases in a gene determines the sequence of amino acids that make a specific protein

• Different sequences of amino acids give different shapes and functions to protein molecules

From gene to protein diagram

The sequence of nucleotide bases in the DNA codes for the sequence of amino acids in the protein