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The Reproductive Systems (Cambridge O Level Biology)
Revision Note
The Male Reproductive System
The male reproductive system
Male reproductive structures and their function table
| Structure | Function |
| Prostate gland | Produces fluid called semen that provides sperm cells with nutrients |
| Sperm Duct | Sperm passes through the sperm duct to be mixed with fluids produced by the glands before being passed into the urethra for ejaculation |
| Urethra | Tube running down the centre of the penis that can carry out urine or semen, a ring of muscle in the urethra prevents the urine and semen from mixing |
|
Testis |
Contained in a bag of skin (scrotum) and produces sperm (male gamete) and testosterone (hormone) |
| Scrotum | Sac supporting the testes outside the body to ensure sperm are kept at temperature slightly lower than body temperature |
| Penis | Passes urine out of the body from the bladder and allows semen to pass into the vagina of a woman during sexual intercourse |
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The Female Reproductive System
The female reproductive system
Female reproductive structures and their function table
| Structure | Function |
| Oviduct | Connects the ovary to the uterus and is lined with ciliated cells to push the released ovum down it. Fertilisation occurs here |
| Ovary | Contains ova (female gametes) which will mature and develop when hormones are released |
| Uterus | Muscular bag with a soft lining where the fertilised egg (zygote) will be implanted to develop into a foetus |
| Cervix | Ring of muscle at the lower end of the uterus to keep the developing foetus in place during pregnancy |
| Vagina | Muscular tube that leads to the inside of the woman’s body, where the male’s penis will enter during sexual intercourse and sperm are deposited |
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