The Reproductive Systems (Cambridge O Level Biology)

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The Male Reproductive System

The male reproductive system

The male reproductive system

 

Male reproductive structures and their function table

Structure Function
Prostate gland Produces fluid called semen that provides sperm cells with nutrients
Sperm Duct Sperm passes through the sperm duct to be mixed with fluids produced by the glands before being passed into the urethra for ejaculation
Urethra Tube running down the centre of the penis that can carry out urine or semen, a ring of muscle in the urethra prevents the urine and semen from mixing

Testis

Contained in a bag of skin (scrotum) and produces sperm (male gamete) and testosterone (hormone)
Scrotum Sac supporting the testes outside the body to ensure sperm are kept at temperature slightly lower than body temperature
Penis Passes urine out of the body from the bladder and allows semen to pass into the vagina of a woman during sexual intercourse

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The Female Reproductive System

The female reproductive systemThe female reproductive system

 

Female reproductive structures and their function table

Structure Function
Oviduct Connects the ovary to the uterus and is lined with ciliated cells to push the released ovum down it. Fertilisation occurs here
Ovary Contains ova (female gametes) which will mature and develop when hormones are released
Uterus Muscular bag with a soft lining where the fertilised egg (zygote) will be implanted to develop into a foetus
Cervix Ring of muscle at the lower end of the uterus to keep the developing foetus in place during pregnancy
Vagina Muscular tube that leads to the inside of the woman’s body, where the male’s penis will enter during sexual intercourse and sperm are deposited

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Marlene

Author: Marlene

Expertise: Biology

Marlene graduated from Stellenbosch University, South Africa, in 2002 with a degree in Biodiversity and Ecology. After completing a PGCE (Postgraduate certificate in education) in 2003 she taught high school Biology for over 10 years at various schools across South Africa before returning to Stellenbosch University in 2014 to obtain an Honours degree in Biological Sciences. With over 16 years of teaching experience, of which the past 3 years were spent teaching IGCSE and A level Biology, Marlene is passionate about Biology and making it more approachable to her students.