Development of the Zygote
- After fertilisation in the oviduct, the zygote travels towards the uterus
- This takes about 3 days, during which time the zygote will divide several times to form a ball of cells known as an embryo
- In the uterus, the embryo embeds itself in the thick lining (implantation) and continues to grow and develop
- The gestation period for humans is 9 months
- Major development of organs takes place within the first 12 weeks, during which time the embryo gets nutrients from the mother by diffusion through the uterus lining
- After this point, the organs are all in place, the placenta has formed and the embryo is now called a fetus
- The remaining gestation time is used by the fetus to grow bigger in size
The foetus in the uterus
- The fetus is surrounded by an amniotic sac which contains amniotic fluid (made from the mother’s blood plasma)
- This protects the fetus during development by cushioning it from bumps to the mother’s abdomen
- The umbilical cord joins the fetus’s blood supply to the placenta for exchange of nutrients and removal of waste products