Potential Difference: GCSE Physics Definition

Potential Difference: GCSE Physics Definition

What is Potential Difference?

In GCSE Physics potential difference is the work done by a unit of charge as it passes through a circuit component. It is also known as potential difference and is measured in volts. 

The potential difference between two points in a circuit is a measure of how much energy is transferred between these two points. Some exam boards are specific about the terminology required for their definition, so use the Save My Exams specific course revision notes for AQA GCSE, Edexcel GCSE, OCR Gateway GCSE and WJEC GCSE. to ensure you learn the correct one for your exam.

As charge flows around a circuit energy is transferred to or from the charge. The potential difference across a component is therefore a measure of the amount of energy transferred by this charge as it flows through a component in the circuit. This means that potential difference can be calculated using the equation

A battery or cell has a positive terminal at one end and a negative terminal at the other. An EMF or electromotive force is generated between the terminals. The e.m.f  is the total amount of potential difference present in the power source of a circuit. This is generated by a cell, batteries which are multiple cells or an electrical generator. The sum of the total amount of potential difference used by each component in the circuit is equal to the e.m.f.

Potential Difference Revision Resources to Ace Your Exams

Potential difference is covered in many of the GCSE Physics and Combined Science course revision notes either as a separate revision note (for example Edexcel) or as part of a revision note on current, resistance and potential difference (for example AQA). Each exam board organises this information differently so make sure you select the right course. If you are still getting to grips with the definitions of the key electrical circuit terminology then use our flashcards to help. Once you are ready to test your knowledge you can use our specific exam practice questions on electrical circuits, such as these for AQA GCSE Physics. If you are ready for some general exam revision then you can use the past paper section, for example the OCR GCSE Physics past papers. 

Explore all the Save My Exams GCSE Physics resources