Element: GCSE Chemistry Definition

What is an element?

In GCSE chemistry, an element is a substance made up from one type of atom. They cannot be broken down into anything simpler. Each element is represented by its own unique chemical symbol, which can be seen on the Periodic Table.  

All atoms of the same element will contain the same number of protons. For example, carbon atoms all have 6 protons. Elements also exist as either single atoms or molecules. Molecules are a group of two or more atoms which are chemically combined. For instance, carbon exists as carbon atoms, but nitrogen will exist as nitrogen molecules. Nitrogen molecules have the formula N₂, with the two nitrogen atoms chemically combined. 

Elements are represented using their chemical symbol, some consisting of one letter, and others of two. Where a symbol contains 2 letters, the first one is always written in uppercase and the other in lower case e.g. Mg not MG. It is important that there is a distinction in the height of your letters when writing chemical symbols, particularly in equations. In exams, if the lowercase letter is a similar height to the uppercase letter, you may lose marks.

Elements are grouped together in the Periodic Table based on their chemical properties. For GCSE chemistry, you generally need to be able to describe the properties of Group 1 (the alkali metals), Group 7 (the halogens), Group 0 (the noble gases) and transition metals.

Element Revision Resources to Ace Your Exams

Save My Exams provides GCSE resources to help you understand elements and their reactions to improve your grades. The revision notes on elements expand on this topic while our  atomic model exam questions let you apply your knowledge and enhance your exam technique. The flashcards are perfect for testing your knowledge of key terms, helping you remember important details and feel more prepared for exams

Explore Our GCSE Chemistry Revision Resources