Climax: GCSE English Definition

What is a climax?

In GCSE English Literature, a climax is the highest moment of conflict, tension or drama within a literary text, often marking a pivotal turning point in the narrative.

Why do writers use a climax?

Writers use a climax in order to create a moment of peak intensity which influences the final resolution of the narrative. A climax is therefore used to bring the central conflict to a head, forcing characters to face their biggest challenge or make a significant decision. 

Examples of a climax

In Shakespeare’s play, Romeo and Juliet, the climax occurs in Act 3, Scene 1 when Tybalt kills Mercutio. Romeo retaliates and kills Tybalt and this marks a significant turning point in the play. The events in the climax result in Romeo’s banishment which then sets off a series of tragic events, ending with the deaths of Romeo and Juliet.

Similarly, a climax in The Merchant of Venice occurs in Act 4, Scene 1, the trial scene, where Shylock demands his "pound of flesh" from Antonio as repayment for an unpaid loan. This marks a dramatic moment in the play when Shylock is at his most vengeful and Antonio is at his most vulnerable. 

Revision resources to ace your exams

Learn how to explore a writer’s use of a climax, including how to incorporate analysis of a climax into your essays, by using our detailed GCSE revision notes.

GCSE English Literature Revision Notes 

For more literary techniques, check out our list of 127 top literary devices, complete with student-friendly definitions.