Anthropomorphism: GCSE English Definition

What is anthropomorphism?

In GCSE English Literature and GCSE English Language, anthropomorphism is when a writer gives human qualities, emotions or intentions to non-human things. These things (an object, plant or animal, for example) can then say, do or feel things that humans can.

Why do writers use anthropomorphism?

Writers use anthropomorphism to create a more diverse range of imaginative characters in their writing. Sometimes, these characters, like Peter Rabbit, are given human qualities (in his case, mischievousness) to make them more accessible or engaging. This is especially true of children’s fiction. 

However, a writer might use anthropomorphism symbolically: an animal character might symbolise a very human quality, or a writer may use anthropomorphism to hide social commentary under animal disguises. 

Examples of anthropomorphism

There are countless examples of anthropomorphism in children’s literature, such as A.A. Milne’s Winnie the Pooh, Roald Dahl’s Fantastic Mr Fox or the Sorting Hat in the Harry Potter series. 

A notable example of a political novel using anthropomorphism is George Orwell’s Animal Farm. Orwell uses anthropomorphism to create characters who represent real historical figures. The character of Napoleon, a “majestic-looking pig”, represents the politician Joseph Stalin, and Orwell uses the pig’s greed and ruthlessness to criticise the Soviet leader.

Revision resources to ace your exams

Learn how to analyse anthropomorphism, and use your own examples in your GCSE English Language creative writing, by using our comprehensive revision notes.

GCSE English Literature Revision Notes 

GCSE English Language Revision Notes

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