Gravitational Potential Energy (Edexcel International A Level Physics)

Revision Note

Lindsay Gilmour

Last updated

Gravitational Potential Energy

  • Gravitational potential energy (usually written Ep, but sometimes GPE) is energy stored in a mass due to its position in a gravitational field

    • If a mass is lifted up, it will gain Ep (converted from other forms of energy)

    • If a mass falls, it will lose Ep (and be converted to other forms of energy)

  • The equation for gravitational potential energy for energy changes in a uniform gravitational field is:

2-19-grav-energy-equation_edexcel-al-physics-rn
GPE diagram, downloadable AS & A Level Physics revision notes

Gravitational potential energy (GPE): The energy an object has when lifted up

  • The potential energy on the Earth’s surface at ground level is taken to be equal to 0

  • This equation is only relevant for energy changes in a uniform gravitational field (such as near the Earth’s surface)

Derivation of GPE Equation

  • When a heavy object is lifted, work is done since the object is provided with an upward force against the downward force of gravity

    • Therefore, energy is transferred to the object

  • This equation can therefore be derived from the work done

2-19-grav-energy-equation-derivation_edexcel-al-physics-rn

Worked Example

To get to his apartment a man has to climb five flights of stairs.

The height of each flight is 3.7 m and the man has a mass of 74 kg.

What is the approximate gain in the man's gravitational potential energy during the climb?

A. 13 000 J               

B. 2700 J               

C. 1500 J               

D. 12 500 J

WE - GPE answer image, downloadable AS & A Level Physics revision notes

Examiner Tips and Tricks

Gravitational potential energy questions often use falling objects, where you are expected to realise that, since energy is conserved, the gravitational potential energy at the start is equal to the kinetic energy at the end.

You've read 0 of your 5 free revision notes this week

Sign up now. It’s free!

Join the 100,000+ Students that ❤️ Save My Exams

the (exam) results speak for themselves:

Did this page help you?

Lindsay Gilmour

Author: Lindsay Gilmour

Expertise: Physics

Lindsay graduated with First Class Honours from the University of Greenwich and earned her Science Communication MSc at Imperial College London. Now with many years’ experience as a Head of Physics and Examiner for A Level and IGCSE Physics (and Biology!), her love of communicating, educating and Physics has brought her to Save My Exams where she hopes to help as many students as possible on their next steps.