This question is about the chlorides of beryllium and calcium.
Complete the electronic configurations of the atoms of beryllium and calcium using the s, p, d notation.
Be 1s2
Ca 1s2
In the gaseous state, beryllium chloride is molecular.
Draw a dot-and-cross diagram to show the bonding in a molecule of beryllium chloride, BeCl2.
In the solid state, beryllium chloride forms a polymeric structure.
The diagram shows part of this structure.
The diagram uses lines and arrows to represent the two different types of covalent bond.
Describe how each type of bond is formed.
The Cl—Be—Cl bond angle is different in the two forms of beryllium chloride.
Predict the two bond angles, justifying your answers by referring to electron-pair repulsion theory.
Anhydrous calcium chloride is a crystalline, ionic solid which melts at 772°C.
Draw a dot-and-cross diagram for calcium chloride.
Show the outer electrons only.
Explain why gaseous beryllium chloride and solid calcium chloride have different types of bonding.
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