2 marksBrazil is the largest producer of sugarcane.
The photograph shows sugar cane growing on plantation.
ANBARASU THIRAVIYAM, CC BY-SA 4.0 <https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0>, via Wikimedia Commons
Products from sugarcane, such as starch and cellulose, are used to make bioplastic.
(i)
How many of the following statements about starch are correct?
- Contains α-glucose and β-glucose molecules
- Contains amylose and amylopectin
- Stored in the tonoplast
(1)
| ☐ | A | None | |
| ☐ | B | One | |
| ☐ | C | Two | |
| ☐ | D | Three |
- Contains α-glucose and β-glucose molecules
- Contains 1,4 glycosidic bonds
- Forms hydrogen bonds with other cellulose molecules
(1)
| ☐ | A | None | |
| ☐ | B | One | |
| ☐ | C | Two | |
| ☐ | D | Three |
4 marksBioplastic bags made from sugarcane take up to six months to decompose.
Bacteria secrete enzymes onto the bags during the process of decomposition.
(i)
Name two structures found in bacterial cells that are involved in the synthesis of these enzymes.
(1)
(ii)
Decomposition of bioplastic bags occurs faster if there is increased bacterial growth.
Explain the conditions needed for increased bacterial growth.
(3)
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