Cambridge (CIE) IGCSE Co-ordinated Sciences (Double Award): Biology Revision Notes 2023

1. Characteristics & Classification of Living Organisms

Characteristics of Living Organisms

2. Organisation of the Organism

Cell Structure

Organisation of Cells

Magnification Formula

Converting Between Units

3. Movement into & out of Cells

Diffusion

Factors that Influence Diffusion

Osmosis

Osmosis Experiments

Osmosis in Animals & Plants

Active Transport

Importance of Active Transport

4. Biological Molecules

Chemicals & Life

Food Tests

5. Enzymes

Enzymes

Enzyme Investigations

Enzyme Action & Specificity

Enzymes & Temperature

Enzymes & pH

6. Plant Nutrition

Photosynthesis

Chlorophyll

Use & Storage of Carbohydrates

Minerals in Plants

Investigating the Need for Chlorophyll, Light & Carbon Dioxide

Environmental Factors & the Rate of Photosynthesis

Investigating Gas Exchange

Photosynthesis Chemical Equation

Leaf Adaptations

Identifying Leaf Structures in a Dicotyledonous Plant

7. Human Nutrition

Bile & Emulsification

8. Transport in Plants

Xylem & Phloem

Root Hair Cells

Pathway Taken by Water

Transpiration

Investigating Temperature & Wind Speed

Explaining the Effects of Temperature, Wind Speed & Humidity

Translocation

9. Transport in Animals

Circulatory System

Circulatory System Continued

The Mammalian Heart

Monitoring Activity of the Heart

Investigating Effect of Physical Activity on Heart Rate

Coronary Heart Disease

Functioning of the Heart

Explaining the Effect of Physical Activity on Heart Rate

Blood Vessels

Main Blood Vessels in the Body

Structure & Function of Blood Vessels

Components of Blood

Blood Clotting

White Blood Cells

10. Diseases & Immunity

Pathogens & Barriers

Controlling the Spread of Disease

Active Immunity

Antigens & Antibodies

Vaccination

Preventing the Spread of Disease

11. Gas Exchange in Humans

Features of Gas Exchange Surfaces

The Breathing System

Investigating the Differences in Inspired & Expired Air

Differences in Inspired & Expired Air

Investigating the Effects of Physical Activity on Breathing

Explaining differences in Inspired & Expired Air

Explaining the Link Between Physical Activity & Breathing

12. Respiration

Respiration in Cells

Aerobic Respiration

Anaerobic Respiration

13. Coordination & Response

Mammalian Nervous System

Homeostasis & Temperature Control

14. Drugs

Drugs for Medicine

15. Reproduction

Asexual Reproduction

Sexual Reproduction

Sexual Reproduction in Plants

Sexual Reproduction in Humans

Sexual Hormones in Humans

Sexually Transmitted Infections

16. Inheritance

Chromosomes, Genes & Proteins

The Inheritance of Sex

Control of Gene Expression

Mitosis

Meiosis

Monohybrid Inheritance

17. Variation & Selection

Variation

Natural Selection

Artificial Selection

18. Organisms & Their Environment

Transfer of Energy

Food Chains & Food Webs

Trophic Levels

Efficiency of Energy Transfer

Nutrient Cycles

19. Human Influences on Ecosystems

The Importance of Biodiversity

Endangered Species

Exam boards

Study tools