How is constant speed represented on a distance-time graph?

On a distance time graph, constant speed is represented by a straight line : a steeper slope shows a greater constant speed a shallower slope shows a lower constant speed a flat, horizontal line shows a constant speed of zero

How is changing speed represented on a distance-time graph?

On a distance-time graph, changing speed is represented by a curved line .

True or False? Speed is a vector quantity.

False. Speed is a scalar quantity because it only contains magnitude.

Define average speed .

Average speed is the total distance moved divided by the total time taken .

What information does velocity provide that speed does not?

Velocity describes both magnitude and direction of motion whereas speed describes only magnitude.

What is the difference between speed and velocity?

The difference between speed and velocity is that speed is a scalar , while velocity is a vector as it includes direction.

What are the standard units for speed?

The units for speed are metres per second (m/s).

What is acceleration ?

Acceleration is the rate of change of velocity .

What units are used to measure acceleration ?

Acceleration is measured in metres per second squared (m/s²).

What does a positive acceleration indicate?

A positive acceleration indicates that the object is speeding up .

What does a negative acceleration indicate?

Negative acceleration indicates that the object is slowing down .

What is the acceleration of an object with constant velocity ?

The acceleration of an object with constant velocity is zero .

How is direction represented in a numerical value for acceleration?

The direction of acceleration is represented by a positive or negative value.

Define deceleration .

Deceleration is negative acceleration , it shows an object is slowing down.

What does a velocity-time graph show?

A velocity-time graph shows how the velocity of a moving object varies with time .

What is constant acceleration on a velocity-time graph?

Constant acceleration on a velocity-time graph is represented by a straight , sloping line .

True or False? A gentle slope on a velocity-time graph represents large acceleration.

False. A gentle slope on a velocity-time graph represents a small acceleration.

What does a flat , horizontal line represent on a velocity-time graph?

A flat, horizontal line indicates that the acceleration is zero , meaning the object is moving at a constant speed.

What does the area under a velocity-time graph represent?

The area under a velocity-time graph represents the distance travelled by the object.

How do you calculate the total area under a velocity-time graph?

The total area under a velocity-time graph shows the total distance travelled. The total area is the sum of the areas of each enclosed section (triangle or rectangle).

What shape does the area beneath a velocity-time graph form for an object with constant speed ?

For an object with constant speed, the area under a velocity-time graph forms a rectangle .

Define the term uniform acceleration .

Uniform acceleration is constant acceleration . The velocity changes by the same amount over each time interval.

What are the units for final and initial speed?

The units for final and initial speed are metres per second (m/s).

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Movement & Position (Edexcel IGCSE Physics)

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FrontDistance-Time Graphs
Which type of graph shows the distance travelled by a moving object over a period of time?
FrontDistance-Time Graphs
How is constant speed represented on a distance-time graph?
BackDistance-Time Graphs
On a distance time graph, constant speed is represented by a straight line:
a steeper slope shows a greater constant speed
a shallower slope shows a lower constant speed
a flat, horizontal line shows a constant speed of zero

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Which type of graph shows the distance travelled by a moving object over a period of time?
A distance-time graph shows the distance travelled by a moving object over a period of time.
How is constant speed represented on a distance-time graph?
On a distance time graph, constant speed is represented by a straight line:
- a steeper slope shows a greater constant speed
- a shallower slope shows a lower constant speed
- a flat, horizontal line shows a constant speed of zero
How is changing speed represented on a distance-time graph?
On a distance-time graph, changing speed is represented by a curved line.
State the equation used to find the gradient of a distance-time graph.
The equation used to find the gradient of a distance-time graph is $speed = gradient = \frac{∆ y}{∆ x}$
Where:
- $∆ y$ = change in distance
- $∆ x$ = change in time
Which line on the distance-time graph shows the slowest speed?
On a distance-time graph, the line with the smallest gradient has the slowest speed. This is the shallowest line (the orange line).
True or False?
This distance-time graph shows a stationary object.
True.
A flat, horizontal line on a distance-time graph shows that the object is stationary. The distance the object has travelled is not changing with time.
Describe the motion of the object shown in this distance-time graph.
The object in this distance-time graph has an increasing speed. The distance it travels in each interval of time is increasing; therefore, the line curves upward.
True or False?
Speed is a vector quantity.
False.
Speed is a scalar quantity because it only contains magnitude.
Define average speed.
Average speed is the total distance moved divided by the total time taken.
State the equation for calculating average speed.
The equation for calculating average speed is $average speed = \frac{distance moved}{time taken}$
What information does velocity provide that speed does not?
Velocity describes both magnitude and direction of motion whereas speed describes only magnitude.
What is the difference between speed and velocity?
The difference between speed and velocity is that speed is a scalar, while velocity is a vector as it includes direction.
How do you calculate the total distance moved using the average speed?
The total distance moved is calculated using the average speed by multiplying the average speed by the total time taken.
- $total distance moved = average speed \times time taken$
What are the standard units for speed?
The units for speed are metres per second (m/s).
A car travels at an average speed of 30 m/s for a distance of 3000 m.
How many seconds did this journey take?
The journey took 100 seconds.
- $time taken = \frac{distance moved}{average speed}$
- $time taken = \frac{3000}{30} = 100 s$
What is acceleration?
Acceleration is the rate of change of velocity.
What units are used to measure acceleration?
Acceleration is measured in metres per second squared (m/s²).
State the equation for calculating average acceleration.
The equation for average acceleration is $a = \frac{∆ v}{t}$
Where:
- $a$ = acceleration, measured in metres per second squared (m/s²)
- $∆ v$ = change in velocity, measured in metres per second (m/s)
- $t$ = time taken, measured in seconds (s)
State the equation for change in velocity.
The equation for change in velocity is $∆ v = v - u$
Where:
- $∆ v$ = change in velocity, measured in metres per second (m/s)
- $v$ = final velocity, measured in metres per second (m/s)
- $u$ = initial velocity, measured in metres per second (m/s)
What does a positive acceleration indicate?
A positive acceleration indicates that the object is speeding up.
What does a negative acceleration indicate?
Negative acceleration indicates that the object is slowing down.
What is the acceleration of an object with constant velocity?
The acceleration of an object with constant velocity is zero.
How is direction represented in a numerical value for acceleration?
The direction of acceleration is represented by a positive or negative value.
Define deceleration.
Deceleration is negative acceleration, it shows an object is slowing down.
What does a velocity-time graph show?
A velocity-time graph shows how the velocity of a moving object varies with time.
What is constant acceleration on a velocity-time graph?
Constant acceleration on a velocity-time graph is represented by a straight, sloping line.
True or False?
A gentle slope on a velocity-time graph represents large acceleration.
False.
A gentle slope on a velocity-time graph represents a small acceleration.
Describe the nature of the motion shown in this velocity-time graph.
The velocity-time graph shows decreasing acceleration.
The change in velocity per unit time decreases.
What does a flat, horizontal line represent on a velocity-time graph?
A flat, horizontal line indicates that the acceleration is zero, meaning the object is moving at a constant speed.
True or False?
The starting velocity of this object is zero.
False.
The starting velocity is not zero because the line does not start from the origin.
What does the area under a velocity-time graph represent?
The area under a velocity-time graph represents the distance travelled by the object.
How do you calculate the total area under a velocity-time graph?
The total area under a velocity-time graph shows the total distance travelled. The total area is the sum of the areas of each enclosed section (triangle or rectangle).
What is the formula to calculate the area of a triangle?
The formula to calculate the area of a triangle is $A = \frac{1}{2} \times b \times h$
Where:
- $b$ = base of triangle
- $h$ = height of triangle
What is the formula to calculate the area of a rectangle?
The formula to calculate the area of a rectangle is $A = b \times h$
Where:
- $b$ = base or length of rectangle
- $h$ = height or width of rectangle
What shape does the area beneath a velocity-time graph form for an object with constant speed?
For an object with constant speed, the area under a velocity-time graph forms a rectangle.
What is the total distance travelled by the object shown in the graph?
The total distance travelled by the object in the velocity-time graph is 10 m.
- $distance travelled = velocity \times time$ or $area = base \times height$
- $distance travelled = 2.0 \times 5 = 10 m$
What is the total distance travelled by the object shown in the graph?
The total distance travelled by the object in the velocity-time graph is 30 m.
- $distance travelled = area = \frac{1}{2} \times base \times height$
- $distance travelled = \frac{1}{2} \times 5 \times 12 = 30 m$
Define the term uniform acceleration.
Uniform acceleration is constant acceleration. The velocity changes by the same amount over each time interval.
What is the symbol for final speed?
The symbol for final speed is $v$ .
What are the units for final and initial speed?
The units for final and initial speed are metres per second (m/s).
What is the symbol for initial speed?
The symbol for initial speed is $u$ .
What is the symbol for distance moved?
The symbol for distance moved is $s$ .
State the equation for uniform acceleration in terms of final speed, initial speed, acceleration and distance moved.
The equation for uniform acceleration is $v^{2} = u^{2} + 2 a s$
Where:
- $v$ = final speed, measured in metres per second (m/s)
- $u$ = initial speed, measured in metres per second (m/s)
- $a$ = acceleration, measured in metres per second squared (m/s²)
- $s$ = distance moved, measured in metres (m)
State the equation for uniform acceleration in terms of final speed, initial speed, acceleration and distance moved when distance moved is the subject.
The equation for uniform acceleration when distance moved is the subject is $s = \frac{v^{2} - u^{2}}{2 a}$
Where:
- $s$ = distance moved, measured in metres (m)
- $v$ = final speed, measured in metres per second (m/s)
- $u$ = initial speed, measured in metres per second (m/s)
- $a$ = acceleration, measured in meters per second squared (m/s²)