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IGCSEPhysicsCambridge (CIE)Exam Questions1. Motion, Forces & EnergyMomentum

Momentum (Cambridge (CIE) IGCSE Physics)

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11 mark

Extended tier only

Which of these is the correct definition for momentum and its unit?

 

Definition

Unit

A

p = m ÷ v

N/m

B

v = p × m

kg m/s

C

v = p ÷ m

N/kg

D

p = m × v

kg m/s

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    21 mark

    Extended tier only

    Which of the following terms and equations are equivalent to the change in an object's momentum?

     

    Term

    Equation

    A.

    Force

    F space equals I over t

    B.

    Impulse

    I space equals space F t

    C.

    Force

    F space equals space m a

    D.

    Impulse

    I space equals space fraction numerator increment p over denominator t end fraction

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      31 mark

      Extended tier only

      A ball with mass of 5.0 kg is moving with a velocity of 3.0 m/s.

      What is the momentum of the ball?

      • 0.6 kg m/s

      • 1.70 kg m/s

      • 15 kg m/s

      • 15 000 kg m/s

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      41 mark

      Extended tier only

      A ball with has momentum = 30 kg m/s hits a stationary ball with momentum = 0  kg m/s so that they both move off. 

      What is the total momentum of the two balls following the collision?

      • 0  kg m/s

      • 3  kg m/s

      • − 30  kg m/s

      • 30  kg m/s

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      51 mark

      Extended tier only

      A footballer kicks a ball with a force of 1500 N. Her foot is in contact with the ball for 1.4 seconds. 

      What is the impulse on the ball?

      • 1070 Ns

      • 2100 Ns

      • 3000 Ns

      • 4200 Ns

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      11 mark

      Extended tier only

      A rollercoaster moving along a track has a large momentum. 

      A second rollercoaster has half the mass of the first rollercoaster and travels at four times the speed.

      What is the momentum of the second rollercoaster compared to the first?

      • The second rollercoaster has a momentum of zero

      • The second rollercoaster's momentum is half that of the first rollercoaster's momentum

      • The second rollercoaster's momentum is twice that of the first rollercoaster's momentum

      • The second rollercoaster's momentum is four times that of the first rollercoaster's momentum

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      21 mark

      Extended tier only

      A bullet is shot from a gun. The bullet moves forward and the gun moves in the opposite direction. Which of the following statements is true?

      • They move with the same velocity in opposite directions.

      • The bullet moves with a slower velocity due to its mass.

      • The total momentum of the system is zero.

      • The total momentum of the system does not stay constant before and after the collision.

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      31 mark

      Extended tier only

      A gas molecule strikes the wall of a container with a speed of 200m/s. It rebounds with the same kinetic energy as it had before striking the wall.

      q3-medium-mcq-1-6--momentum-cie-igcse-physics

      What is its final velocity?

      • 100 m/s

      • - 100 m/s

      • 200 m/s

      • - 200 m/s

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      41 mark

      Extended tier only

      Padded dashboards in cars are safer in an accident than non-padded ones because a passenger hitting the dashboard would experience

      • Lengthened time of contact

      • Shorter time of contact

      • Decreased impulse

      • Increased momentum

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      51 mark

      Extended tier only

      After a car crash the car driver's airbag inflates. The airbag then deflates when it is hit by the driver’s head. 

      How does an airbag reduce the risk of injury?

      • Collision time increases, which increases the rate of change of momentum.

      • Collision time increases, which reduces the rate of change of momentum.

      • Collision time decreases, which increases the rate of change of momentum.

      • Collision time decreases, which reduces the rate of change of momentum .

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      11 mark

      Extended tier only

      A dummy is used in a crash test to investigate the safety of a new car. The deceleration of the dummy and the passenger compartment is measured.

      q1-hard-mcq-1-6--momentum-cie-igcse-physics

      The deceleration of the dummy is less than the deceleration of the passenger compartment. 

      Why is this of benefit for the safety of the passenger?

      • Seat belts, crumple zones and airbags all absorb energy from the crash

      • The crash happens quickly so the passenger doesn’t feel anything

      • The force of impact on the passenger, and therefore harm, is reduced

      • The time over which the collision happens is elongated for the passenger

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      21 mark

      Extended tier only

      A passenger of mass 90 kg is involved in a minor car crash.

      q2-hard-mcq-1-6--momentum-cie-igcse-physics

      The car approaches a solid barrier at 32 m/s. It crashes into the barrier and stops in 0.2s.

      Determine the impulse that must be applied to the car to bring it to rest.

      • 2.8 Ns

      • 14 Ns

      • 580 Ns

      • 2900 Ns

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      31 mark

      Extended tier only

      An object of mass 150 kg accelerates from a velocity of 5 m/s to a velocity of 10 m/s in the same direction.

      What is the impulse provided to cause this acceleration?

      • 750 Ns

      • 1500 Ns

      • 2250 Ns

      • 7500 Ns

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      41 mark

      Extended tier only

      During a paintball fight, a paint pellet of mass 150g hits a stationary target with a speed of 220m/s. It takes 0.025s from the moment the pellet comes into contact with the wall until it flattens onto the wall.

      What is the force exerted as a result of the paintball “splat”?

      • 1.3 x 103 N

      • 33 N

      • 1.3 x 106 N

      • 33 x 103 N

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