Place Value (Cambridge (CIE) IGCSE International Maths)
Revision Note
Written by: Jamie Wood
Reviewed by: Dan Finlay
Place Value
What is place value?
When a number is written down using digits, each digit has a value depending on its position (place) within the number
Each place has a value ten times larger than the place to the right of it
e.g. For the number 9876
The 6 represents 6 ones (or units) (6)
The 7 represents 7 tens (70)
"ten" is ten times larger than "one"
The 8 represents 8 hundreds (800)
"hundred" is ten times larger than "ten"
The 9 represents 9 thousands (9000)
"thousand" is ten times larger than "hundred"
In words, this number is nine thousand, eight hundred and seventy six
How do I read large numbers?
Start with the ones (units) digit and work 'right to left' through the digits to deduce the place value that the number starts with
e.g. For the number 12345678
Ten Millions | Millions | Hundred Thousands | Ten Thousands | Thousands | Hundreds | Tens | Ones |
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 |
12345678 starts in the ten millions place value
So it would be read (and written in words) as twelve million, three hundred and forty five thousand, six hundred and seventy eight
How does place value work for decimals?
Starting with the decimal point
digits to the left of the decimal point form the whole number part (ones, tens, thousands, ...)
digits to the right of the decimal point form the decimal part
Each decimal place has a value ten times larger than the place to the right of it
e.g. For the number 36.952
The whole number part is 36 (3 tens and 6 ones)
The 9 represents 9 tenths (0.9)
"one" is ten times larger than "tenth"
The 5 represents 5 hundredths (0.05)
"tenth" is ten times larger than "hundredth"
The 2 represents 2 thousandths (0.02)
"hundredth" is ten times larger than "thousandth"
In words, this number is thirty six point nine five two
How do I read decimals?
The whole number part would be read as above
The decimal part is read digit by digit
e.g. The number 23.45678 would be read (and written in words) as twenty three point four five six seven eight
Although they are not read, it is still important to know the value of each decimal place
Tens | Ones | Decimal Point | Tenths | Hundredths | Thousandths | Ten-thousandths | Hundred-thousandths |
2 | 3 | . | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 |
You will often hear these place values used relating to race time
e.g. In a sprint race, athletes may be separated by "five hundredths of a second" (0.05 seconds)
Examiner Tips and Tricks
Separate numbers with lots of digits into groups of three digits to make reading them easier
For whole numbers this is done from the right
e.g. 54687321 is easier to read as 54 687 321
For decimal parts this is done from the left
e.g. 54.687321 is easier to read as 54.687 321
Worked Example
(a) 87 654 people attended a football match. Write down the value of the digit 7.
Note down the value of each digit
Ten Thousands | Thousands | Hundreds | Tens | Ones |
8 | 7 | 6 | 5 | 4 |
7 000
Or, in words, seven thousand
(b) A racing car completed a lap of a circuit in 1 minute and 14.263 seconds. Write down the value of the digit 3.
Note down the value of each digit, starting with the decimal point
Work to the left (of the decimal point) for the whole number part (14)
Work to the right (of the decimal point) for the decimal part (263)
Tens | Ones | Point | Hundredths | Thousandths | Ten Thousandths |
1 | 4 | . | 2 | 6 | 3 |
0.003 seconds
Or, in words, 3 ten thousandths of a second
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