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Set Notation & Venn Diagrams (Cambridge (CIE) IGCSE Maths)

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  • What is a set?

    A set is a collection of elements.

  • What symbol is the empty set represented by?

    ∅ represents the empty set (the set with no elements).

  • Define the term subset.

    A subset is a set within another set.

    E.g. If every element of set A is also in set B, then A is a subset of B, (A ⊆ B).

  • What notation is used to represent the number of elements in a set?

    E.g. The number of elements in set A.

    n(A) represents the number of elements in set A.

  • What region in the Venn diagram represents the union of A and B, open parentheses A union B close parentheses?

    A Venn diagram with a rectangle containing two circles, sets A and B.

    The union of A and B, open parentheses straight A union straight B close parentheses, is the set of all elements in A or B or both.

    A Venn diagram with two overlapping circles labelled A and B inside a rectangle labelled U, representing a universal set. Both circles are shaded.

  • Which region represents A' on the Venn diagram below?

    A Venn diagram with a rectangle containing two circles, sets A and B.

    A' means not A, (A' is the complement of A) .
    The regions not in the A circle, (everything outside A), represent A'.

    A Venn diagram with two overlapping circles labelled A and B on a blue rectangle, indicating the region not in set A.

  • True or False?

    The region shaded below represents the intersection of A and B, open parentheses A intersection B close parentheses.

    Venn diagram with three overlapping circles labelled A, B, and C within a rectangle labeled U. The middle regions, where all three circles overlap, is shaded.

    False.

    The region shown is the intersection of A, B and C, open parentheses straight A intersection straight B intersection straight C close parentheses.

    The intersection of A and B, open parentheses straight A intersection straight B close parentheses, is:

    A Venn diagram with three intersecting circles labelled A, B, and C within a rectangle labelled U. The intersection of circles A and B is shaded.

  • What notation is used when writing out a set of elements?

    E.g. Set A contains the elements 1, 2 and 3.

    A set containing a number of elements is shown with the elements written inside curly brackets {}.

    E.g. A = {1, 2, 3}.

  • True or False?

    The universal set is represented by the rectangle in a Venn diagram.

    True.

    The universal set is represented by the rectangle in a Venn diagram.

  • What does the symbol ℰ represent?

    ℰ is the universal set (the set of everything).

    You may also see other symbols for the universal set, such as U, S or xi.

  • What does a element of A mean?

    a element of straight A means a is an element of A.

    a is in the set A, or a is a member of the set A.

Previous:Number ToolkitNext:Prime Factors, HCF & LCM

    1. Topic 1

      Number Toolkit

    2. Topic 2

      Set Notation & Venn Diagrams

    3. Topic 3

      Prime Factors, HCF & LCM

    4. Topic 4

      Powers, Roots & Standard Form

    5. Topic 5

      Fractions Toolkit

    6. Topic 6

      Percentages Toolkit

    7. Topic 7

      Simple & Compound Interest, Growth & Decay

    8. Topic 8

      Surds

    9. Topic 9

      Working with FDP

    10. Topic 10

      Working with Ratios

    11. Topic 11

      Compound Measures (Speed, Density, Pressure)

    12. Topic 12

      Time, Currency & Conversions

    13. Topic 13

      Rounding, Estimation & Bounds

    14. Topic 14

      Using a Calculator

    1. Topic 1

      Algebra Toolkit

    2. Topic 2

      Algebraic Roots & Indices

    3. Topic 3

      Expanding & Factorising Brackets

    4. Topic 4

      Linear Equations & Inequalities

    5. Topic 5

      Quadratic Equations

    6. Topic 6

      Rearranging Formulas

    7. Topic 7

      Simultaneous Equations

    8. Topic 8

      Algebraic Fractions

    9. Topic 9

      Forming & Solving Equations

    10. Topic 10

      Functions

    11. Topic 11

      Sequences

    12. Topic 12

      Proportion

    1. Topic 1

      Coordinate Geometry

    2. Topic 2

      Linear Graphs

    3. Topic 3

      Quadratic Graphs

    4. Topic 4

      Further Graphs & Tangents

    5. Topic 5

      Solving & Graphing Inequalities

    6. Topic 6

      Real-Life Graphs

    7. Topic 7

      Differentiation

    1. Topic 1

      Geometry Toolkit

    2. Topic 2

      Angles in Polygons & Parallel Lines

    3. Topic 3

      Bearings, Constructions & Scale Drawings

    4. Topic 4

      Circle Theorems

    1. Topic 1

      Area & Perimeter

    2. Topic 2

      Circles, Arcs & Sectors

    3. Topic 3

      Volume & Surface Area

    4. Topic 4

      Congruence & Similarity

    1. Topic 1

      Right-Angled Triangles (Pythagoras & Trigonometry)

    2. Topic 2

      Sine, Cosine Rule & Area of Triangles

    3. Topic 3

      3D Pythagoras & Trigonometry

    4. Topic 4

      Trigonometric Graphs & Equations

    1. Topic 1

      Vectors

    2. Topic 2

      Transformations

    1. Topic 1

      Basic Probability

    2. Topic 2

      Probability Diagrams (Tree & Venn Diagrams)

    3. Topic 3

      Conditional Probability

    1. Topic 1

      Averages & Range

    2. Topic 2

      Statistical Diagrams

    3. Topic 3

      Histograms

    4. Topic 4

      Cumulative Frequency

    5. Topic 5

      Scatter Graphs & Correlation