Recognition Systems (Cambridge (CIE) IGCSE ICT)
Revision Note
What is a recognition system?
A recognition system is a way of using computer technology to automatically identify something
Common examples of recognition systems include:
Facial recognition
Speech recognition
Optical character recognition
OMR & OCR
What is OMR?
Optical Mark Recognition (OMR) detects marked areas on paper by using a special machine to read the marks
Examples include:
Multiple-choice examination
Barcodes
QR codes
Automates data collection and entry
An OMR form being filled in
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What is OCR?
Optical Character Recognition (OCR) converts printed or handwritten text into digital format
Useful for digitising documents
Assists in searching and editing text
Automated Number Plate Recognition (ANPR) is an example of OCR
For example, reading number plates and controlled entry and exit at airport parking
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RFID & NFC
What is RFID?
Radio Frequency Identification Devices (RFIDs) use radio waves to identify and track objects
Examples of where RFID can be used is:
Stock tracking
Passports
Vehicles
Contactless payment
RFID tags are made of a microchip and antenna and can be either:
Passive - uses energy from the reader
Active - has it's own power source
Stock tracking |
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Passports |
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Vehicles |
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What is NFC?
Near field communication (NFC) is a subset of RFID which allows communication between two devices in very close proximity
NFC can be either:
Passive - uses energy from the reader
Active - has it's own power source
Smartphones use active NFC to allow contactless payments by tapping a smartphone on a reader
Smartphones can also exchange data using NFC by tapping together (usually back to back)
Worked Example
A farmer has purchased a computerised feeding system for her goats. A goat has an RFID tag
attached to its ear, which is recognised by the computer. The system uses a passive RFID tag.
a. Describe how the RFID tag can be activated.
[3]
b. Describe how RFID technology will be used to give the correct feed to the animal.
[3]
Answers
a. three of:
The RFID reader sends radio waves / signals to the RFID antenna in the tag [1]
The tag sends radio wave/signal back to the reader [1]
The radio waves move from the tag’s antenna to the microchip [1]
A signal is generated and sent back to the RF system [1]
The RF wave is detected by the reader which interprets the data [1]
b. three of:
The goat passes the RFID reader [1]
The RFID reader extracts data from the tag [1]
The ID is compared with data stored in the database [1]
The feed for the goat is then selected/identified / read from the database [1]
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