Expert Systems (Cambridge (CIE) IGCSE ICT)
Revision Note
Expert Systems
What is an expert system?
An expert system mimics human knowledge and experience and uses a combination of the two to solve problems or answer questions
Examples of expert systems include:
Equipment troubleshooting and repair
Technical support
Medical diagnosis system
Expert systems share five key characteristics
Knowledge base |
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Rule base |
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Inference engine |
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Interface |
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Explanation system |
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Case Study
Movie recommendation system
Inputs
Indicate favourite genres/directors
Rate movies watched (stars/thumbs up, thumbs down etc.)
Previous movie searches (keywords)
Inference engine
Matching similar movies to users history (based on director/genre/actor/reviews etc.)
Filtering movies with similar characteristics as previously watched
Filtering movies based on what users with similar tastes have watched/liked
Output
Display a personalised list of movie recommendations
Advantages and disadvantages of expert systems
Advantages | Disadvantages |
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Worked Example
Expert systems are used by doctors.
a. Describe how an expert system can be used to diagnose illnesses.
[5]
b. Name two other applications of expert systems.
[2]
Answers
a. five of:
An Interactive user interface appears [1]
Questions are asked about the illness [1]
Yes and No type answers to the questions [1]
Answers lead to other questions [1]
The inference engine searches the knowledge base [2]
Using the rules base [1]
Probabilities/possibilities of diagnoses and treatments are displayed [1]
Displays the ways it achieved the solutions/conclusions / explanation [1]
b. two of:
Mineral prospecting [1]
Car engine fault diagnosis [1]
Chess games [1]
Tax queries [1]
Careers recommendations [1]
Movie recommendations on streaming platforms [1]
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