River Processes & Landforms (Edexcel IGCSE Geography): Exam Questions

Exam code: 4GE1

55 mins18 questions
11 mark

Which one of the following is the most important process in the river’s upper course? 

  • deposition

  • headward erosion

  • lateral erosion

  • vertical erosion

2a1 mark

Identify the statement below that best describes the channel in the lower course of a river.

  • small and fast river channel

  • wide and deep river channel

  • narrow and fast river channel

  • small and narrow river channel

2b1 mark

Identify  one process of river erosion.

  • levees

  • abrasion

  • overland flow

  • discharge

3a1 mark

Identify the statement below that best describes the channel shape in the upper course of a river.

  • narrow river channel with shallow sides

  • narrow river channel with steep sides 

  • wider river channel with shallow sides

  • widest river channel with very shallow sides

3b1 mark

Identify one process of river transportation.

  • suspension

  • abrasion

  • attrition

  • deposition

4a1 mark

State one process of river transportation.

4b1 mark

Study Figure 1b below.

fig-1b-4ge1-01-june-2019-edexcel-igcse-geography

Identify the river landform.

51 mark

Study Figure 1b below.

fig-1b-4ge1-01r-june-2019-edexcel-igcse-geography

Identify the river landform at X.

6a1 mark

State one physical factor that influences the rate of erosion in a river

6b2 marks

Explain how the process of hydraulic action erodes the river channel

71 mark

Study Figure 1b shown below

screenshot-2023-07-10-at-16-36-39

Identify the landform labelled X

8a1 mark

Identify one landform usually found in the upper course of a river

  • Delta

  • Estuary

  • Oxbow lake

  • Interlocking spurs

8b1 mark

Identify the characteristic usually found in the upper course of a river

  • Frequent meanders

  • Ox bow lakes

  • Steep valley sides

  • Flat wide floodplains

9a2 marks

Explain how a river channel is eroded by solution (corrosion)

9b2 marks

Explain one weathering process in a river valley

101 mark

Study Figure 1b below

Identify the type of mass movement

screenshot-2023-08-15-at-10-04-08
13 marks

River environments

Study Figure 1 which shows the upper course of a river

4de1_01--20171i

Figure 1

Identify three features of the upper course of this river. 

26 marks

(i) What is meant by the term mass movement?

(2)

(ii) Outline two factors which affect mass movement.

(4)

34 marks

Explain the formation of a river meander.

44 marks

Explain the formation of an oxbow lake.

5a3 marks

Study Figure 1, which shows a waterfall

highforce-waterfall

Figure 1 - Waterfall

Identify three features of the waterfall

5b4 marks

Explain the formation of a waterfall 

64 marks

Explain the formation of a levee

74 marks

Explain how erosion can form waterfalls

84 marks

Explain the formation of interlocking spurs