Fig. 2.1 shows a settlement in a valley in northern England.
Suggest how each of the following factors has influenced the sites and growth of settlement in the area shown in Fig. 2.1:
(i)
transport and accessibility
[2]
(ii)
water supply
[1]
(iii)
protection from flooding
[1]
(iv)
relief.
[2]
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(i)
Which one of the following statements describes a settlement hierarchy? Tick only one box..
Statement | Tick (✓) |
settlements in order of population size and importance |
|
linear, nucleated and dispersed settlement |
|
how a settlement has grown over time |
|
the physical factors which lead to the growth of a settlement |
|
[1]
(ii)
Which one of the following statements describes a service? Tick only one box.
Statement | Tick (✓) |
the site and situation of a settlement |
|
the sphere of influence of a settlement |
|
amenities provided in a settlement for the population e.g. shops |
|
a type of settlement pattern e.g. linear |
|
[1]
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A class of students from a rural area of Wales were studying settlement and service provision.
(i)
In class the students revised ‘hierarchy of services’. Services can be classified as high-order, middle-order and low order.
Table 2.1 below shows examples of different services in the hierarchy of services.
Complete the table by adding the following services:
bus stop fire station airport
Table 2.1
high-order service | middle-order service | low-order service |
hospital | health centre | café |
|
|
|
[2]
(ii)
Which one of the following is the correct definition of ‘low-order service’? Tick (✓) your answer.
| Tick (✓) |
a service which is frequently used |
|
a service which is occasionally used |
|
a service which is rarely used |
|
[1]
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Study Fig. 3.2 (below), which is a photograph showing new residential development in Shenzhen. Using evidence from Fig. 3.2 only, describe three advantages of living there.
Fig. 3.2
[3]
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Table 3.1 shows the settlement hierarchy in County Tipperary, Ireland.
Table 3.1
type of settlement | number of settlements | position in hierarchy |
regional town (RT) | 1 |  |
sub-regional town (SRT) | 2 | |
district town (DT) | 6 | |
service centre (SC) | 35 | |
local service centre (LSC) | 26 | |
small settlement (SS) | 58 |
(i)
Using information from Table 3.1, plot the number of district towns in Fig. 3.1 below.
Fig. 3.1
[1]
(ii)
Describe the relationship between position in the settlement hierarchy and number of settlements as shown in Table 3.1 and Fig. 3.1.
[1]
(iii)
What is unusual about the number of local service centres (LSCs) in Fig. 3.1?
[1]
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Fig. 3.2 shows the locations of settlements highest in the settlement hierarchy in County Tipperary.
Fig. 3.2
Describe the distribution of settlements shown in Fig. 3.2.
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(i)
Using evidence from Fig. 3.2, suggest why Templemore has not grown into a larger settlement.
[1]
(ii)
Using evidence from Fig. 3.2, suggest why Cahir has grown into an important settlement.
[1]
(iii)
Using evidence from Fig. 3.2, suggest a disadvantage of the location of Clonmel as the regional town (highest in the settlement hierarchy) of County Tipperary.
[1]
Fig. 3.2
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Describe the distribution of the settlement types on Wales
Fig 1 - Distribution of settlements in Wales
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Study Fig 1, which shows a map of Plymouth
Fig 1
With reference to the map, suggest reasons for the site and situation of Plymouth’s urban area
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Fig. 2.1 shows the settlement hierarchy in South Holland, an area in the United Kingdom.
(i)
Using evidence from Fig. 2.1, suggest why Spalding has become the main town in South Holland.
[2]
(ii)
Using Fig. 2.1, compare the main road links of the second and third order settlements.
[2]
In Fig. 2.1, draw the possible sphere of influence of Long Sutton, a second order settlement.
The distribution of settlements in Fig. 2.1 is not even. Suggest one possible reason for this.
Fig. 2.2 shows the relationship between settlement order and number of settlements in South Holland.
(i)
Using information from Fig. 2.1, plot the number of third order settlements in Fig. 2.2.
[1]
(ii)
Describe the relationship between settlement order and number of settlements in South Holland shown in Fig. 2.2.
[1]
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Fig. 3.1 shows the spheres of influence of four services located in town A and the sphere of influence of one service in town B.
(i)
Explain why the four services in town A have different sized spheres of influence.
[1]
(ii)
Put the four services in town A in order to show the hierarchy of services.
[1]
(iii)
The sphere of influence of the supermarket in town A overlaps with the sphere of influence of the supermarket in town B. Suggest reasons for this.
[2]
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Fig. 3.2 shows the sphere of influence of the supermarket in town A.
Using Fig. 3.2, explain the shape of the sphere of influence of the supermarket.
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Shenzhen, China has undergone extensive urbanisation. Table 3.1 shows the changes in the area covered by different urban land uses from 2001–2005.
Table 3.1
| year | ||||
land use (km2) | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2004 | 2005 |
industrial | 137 | 153 | 204 | 240 | 254 |
residential | 136 | 143 | 174 | 169 | 184 |
roads | 57 | 64 | 71 | 72 | 83 |
(i)
Use the information in Table 3.1 to complete Fig. 3.1.
Fig. 3.1
[2]
(ii)
Using Table 3.1 and Fig. 3.1, state the land use that showed the largest increase between 2001 and 2005.
[1]
(iii)
Many new industries such as electronics have been located in the rural-urban fringe. Suggest reasons why they have located there.
[2]
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