Population Structure (Cambridge (CIE) IGCSE Geography)

Study Fig.1, which shows information about the population structure of Japan in 2013 and 2030 (predicted). 

Fig 1

(i)

Describe the changes expected in Japan’s population between 2013 and 2030 in:

the proportion of people aged 0 to 14; 

……………………………………………………………………………

[1]

the proportion of people aged 65 and over. 

……………………………………………………………………………

[1] 

Fig. 2.1 gives information about the population of Costa Rica, a country in Central America, in 1990 and 2015.

What percentage of the male population of Costa Rica in 1990 was:

(i)

aged 5–9? ........................................

[1]

(ii)

aged 35–39? ........................................

[1]

Using Fig. 2.1, describe the changes between 1990 and 2015 in the percentage of people in Costa Rica aged:

(i)  

0–14

 [1]

(ii)

15–64

 [1]

(iii)

65 and over

 [1]

Suggest two effects on Costa Rica of the changes you have described in (b).

Fig. 2.2 is a different population pyramid for Costa Rica in 2015.

What information is shown in Fig. 2.2 but not in Fig. 2.1?

Study Figs. 2.1, 2.2 and 2.3, which show the population structures of Japan, USA and Mozambique in 2016. Answer the questions on the opposite page.

What was the population of:

(i)

females aged 70–74 in USA
....................................................... million

[1]

(ii)

males aged 35–39 in Mozambique?

....................................................... million

[1]

Which of the three countries had:

(i) the lowest birth rate

[1 mark]

(ii) the highest death rate

[1 mark]

(iii) a steady birth rate and low death rate

[1 mark]

(iv) the largest total population

[1 mark]

(v) the highest percentage of old dependents

[1 mark]

(vi) the highest percentage of young dependents?

[1 mark]

Fig. 2.1 shows the population of the world in 2017 and Fig. 2.2 shows one prediction of the world population in 2050. Study Figs. 2.1 and 2.2 and answer the questions on the opposite page.

What was the percentage of females aged 25–29 in the world in 2017?

Describe the predicted percentage changes in the world population in people aged:
0–49
......................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................
50 and over.

.......................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................

(i)

Fig. 2.3 shows the population of the Central African Republic in 2017.

Give three differences between the population structure of the Central African Republic and the population structure of the world in 2017.

1 ...................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................

2 ...................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................

3 ...................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................                      

[3]

(ii)

Suggest one problem created by the population structure of the Central African Republic.

[1]