Industry (Cambridge (CIE) IGCSE Geography)
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The image above shows a typical industrial system. Identify the missing labels A, B and C.
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The image above shows a typical industrial system. Identify the missing labels A, B and C.
Industrial systems have:
A: Inputs
B: Processes
C: Outputs
Define the term input in relation to industrial systems.
Inputs are the basic items needed to begin the manufacturing process.
True or False?
Raw materials, labour and energy are examples of industrial system inputs.
True.
Raw materials, labour and energy are examples of industrial system inputs.
True or False?
Industrial processes are activities such as welding, brewing and cutting.
True.
Industrial processes are activities such as welding, brewing and cutting.
True or False?
Only finished products are considered industrial outputs.
False.
Outputs also include waste, by-products, goods for continued manufacturing and finished goods.
Name the fastest growing industry in the world.
The fastest-growing industry in the world is the high-tech (hi-tech) industry.
True or False?
Each industrial sector is independent of the others.
False.
Each industrial sector is interrelated with the others. An individual industry will often use more than one sector to produce products.
State the two categories of manufacturing.
The two sectors of manufacturing are:
Heavy and include iron and steel manufacturing.
Light manufacturing, such as computer and smart phone assembly.
Define the optimum location.
The optimum location is the site that will produce the maximum profit for a manufacturing company, considering various physical, human, and economic factors.
What are natural routeways?
Natural routeways are features like harbours, motorways, airports, and railways that provide good locations for ports and industrial complexes.
True or False?
Climate is not a factor in industrial location.
False.
Climate can be an important factor, especially for industries like aerospace and film production.
What is inward investment?
Inward investment is capital brought into an area by external companies or individuals to establish or expand business operations.
Define the term science park.
A science park is a purpose-built area designed to encourage research and development, high-tech industries, and other quaternary activities, usually located close to universities or research centres.
What is outsourcing?
Outsourcing is the practice of sending work elsewhere to save costs, such as establishing call centres in other countries.
Define what is meant by an industrial society.
An industrial society is one where many people work in the secondary sector, such as China and India.
What are government incentives?
Government incentives are financial or policy-based measures designed to attract industries to invest in specific areas.
What does least cost but highest profit location mean?
Least cost but highest profit location means the ideal site for a company to minimise its expenses while maximising potential earnings, considering various location factors.
What is a pre-industrial society?
A pre-industrial society is one where most people work in the primary sector, such as in Bolivia or Mozambique.