True or False?
The central business district (CBD) is typically located in the suburban zone of a city.
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True or False?
The central business district (CBD) is typically located in the suburban zone of a city.
False.
The central business district (CBD) is typically located in the central core of a city.
Define the term urban fringe.
Urban fringe is the outer edge of a city where the countryside is eroded through urban spread/sprawl.
What does CBD stand for?
CBD stands for Central Business District.
State the meaning of peak land value.
Peak land value refers to areas in a city where land is most expensive, typically in the CBD or along major transportation routes.
What is bid-rent theory?
Bid-rent theory is a concept that explains how land use and land values change as the distance from the CBD increases.
Define gentrification.
Gentrification is the process of changing a neighbourhood from low to high value, often forcing out poorer residents as wealthier people move in and renovate properties.
What is the inner city zone?
The inner city zone is a 'frame' to the inner core, which developed as the core developed, often containing older, compact housing and industrial areas.
True or False?
Land values typically increase from the city centre outward.
False.
Land values typically decrease from the city centre outward.
Define the term suburban zone.
The suburban zone is a residential area surrounding the inner city, often characterised by lower-density housing and more green spaces.
What is urban sprawl?
Urban sprawl is the outward spread of a city and its suburbs into rural areas, often characterised by low-density development.
Define urban blight.
Urban blight is the decline of buildings and older areas of cities. Also known as urban decay.
What is urban redevelopment?
Urban redevelopment is the process of improving an urban area through demolishing, reconstructing, or substantially renovating existing buildings and infrastructure.
Define the term brownfield site.
A brownfield site is a previously developed area of land that is not currently in use, is often contaminated and requires a clean-up before redevelopment.
True or False?
Urban renewal and urban redevelopment are the same thing.
False.
Urban renewal involves improving existing buildings and infrastructure, while urban redevelopment involves more substantial changes, including demolition and reconstruction.
What does UDC stand for?
UDC stands for Urban Development Corporation.
What is a science park?
A science park is a purpose-built area designed to encourage research and development (R&D), high-tech industries, and other quaternary activities, often located close to a university and transport networks.
True or False?
Urban sprawl is generally considered to be a positive outcome of urban growth.
False.
Urban sprawl is generally considered a negative outcome of unchecked urban growth, leading to issues such as the loss of farmland and increased pollution.
Define counter-urbanisation.
Counter-urbanisation is the movement of people from urban areas to rural areas, often contributing to growth at the urban fringe.
What is a retail park?
A retail park is a concentration of retail stores and leisure facilities, typically located on the outskirts of a town or city, with easy access and ample parking.
State the meaning of deindustrialisation.
Deindustrialisation is the decline of a region's traditional manufacturing industries, often leading to economic and social changes in urban areas.
What is urban sustainability?
Urban sustainability is the practice of creating and maintaining cities that balance social, economic, and environmental factors to provide a better quality of life for residents without compromising future generations.
Define the term ecological footprint.
An ecological footprint is a measure of human impact on the environment, specifically the amount of land and water area required to support an individual or population's consumption and absorb their waste.
True or False?
Light pollution only affects humans.
False.
Light pollution affects both humans and nocturnal animals, disrupting sleep patterns and natural behaviours.
What is an ecotown?
An ecotown is a sustainable urban development designed to reduce its overall environmental footprint and encourage strong community ties through features like energy-efficient homes and green spaces.
Define the term greenbelt.
Greenbelts are buffer zones within urban areas and between urban and rural spaces. It is a planning restriction to maintain green areas and prevent urban sprawl.
True or False?
Brownfield sites are always more expensive to develop than greenfield sites.
False.
While brownfield sites can be more expensive due to clean-up costs, they may have existing infrastructure that reduces overall development costs.
What is the informal sector?
The term informal sector refers to economic activities that the state does not regulate or protect and that frequently employ a large number of people in LEDCs.
Define urban sprawl.
Urban sprawl is the outward spread of a city and its suburbs into rural areas, often characterised by low-density development and increased reliance on private transportation.
What is a congestion charge?
A congestion charge is a fee charged to drivers who enter a designated urban area during peak traffic hours, aimed at reducing traffic congestion and pollution in city centres.
What particular problem does the CBD have with land use?
The CBD has a particular problem with the lack of space for development, the high cost of land, and meeting strict planning and government policies.
Congestion and pollution are concentrated in the CBD, but they are also general urban issues.