Define the term migration.
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Define the term migration.
Migration is the movement of people across an official boundary, either internationally or nationally, with the intention of creating a permanent place of residence.
True or False?
Immigration and emigration mean the same thing.
False.
Immigration is the inward movement of people into a country, while emigration is the outward movement of people out of a country.
What are push factors?
Push factors are the realities of the current situation for migrants that make them consider moving from their place of origin.
What are pull factors?
Pull factors are the perceived (thought-of) outcomes that migrants imagine the move will bring to their place of destination.
Define involuntary migration.
Involuntary migration is when a migrant has no choice but to leave their place of origin, usually due to factors such as war, persecution, or natural disasters.
What is an internally displaced person?
An internally displaced person is someone who has been forced to flee their home but remains within their country's borders.
Define counter-urbanisation.
Counter-urbanisation is the process of people migrating from urban areas into rural regions.
True or False?
Most international migration is between developed countries.
False.
The majority of movement is between developing and developed countries.
What is a migration corridor?
A migration corridor is a distinct pattern of movement between two countries or regions that has developed over time due to economic, demographic and geographical factors.
Define remittances.
Remittances are financial transfers that migrants make to their countries of origin, frequently to support family members or make investments in their local communities.
What is the brain-drain effect?
The brain-drain effect is the reduction of a skilled workforce in a country due to the emigration of educated and talented individuals.
Define remittances.
Remittances are financial transfers that migrants send back to their country of origin, frequently to help out family members or make investments in their local communities.
True or False?
Remittances always have a negative impact on the country of origin.
False.
Remittances can have positive impacts, such as reducing poverty, increasing investment, and boosting the local economy.
What is cultural assimilation?
Cultural assimilation is the process by which migrants adapt to the culture of their new country, often facing challenges in language and customs.
Define the multiplier effect in relation to remittances.
The multiplier effect is the economic impact created when remittances are spent or invested in the local community, boosting other families' incomes and creating new opportunities.
What is depopulation?
Depopulation is the reduction in population of an area, often occurring in rural regions due to outward migration.
True or False?
International migration always leads to job competition in the destination country.
False.
There can be competition for jobs, but international migrants can also fill labour gaps and create new job opportunities.
What is cultural enrichment?
Cultural enrichment is the positive impact of migration, where diverse cultures contribute to and enhance the cultural landscape of the destination country.
Define xenophobia.
Xenophobia is the fear or hatred of foreigners or strangers, which can lead to discrimination and tensions in areas receiving migrants.
What is the globalisation bottom-up effect?
The globalisation bottom-up effect is the positive impact that remittances have on developing countries and can account for a large portion of their GDP and help reduce poverty.