IGCSEEconomicsCambridge (CIE)Exam Questions5. Economic Development5.4 Differences in Economic Development

Differences in Economic Development (Cambridge (CIE) IGCSE Economics)

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5.4 Differences in Economic Development

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5.4 Differences in Economic Development

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11 mark

What is most likely to increase as a country becomes more developed?

  • average household income

  • average size of family

  • infant mortality rate

  • the proportion of income spent on food

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2
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A developing country starts to show increases in economic growth. What is most likely to occur?

  • a reduction in imports

  • a reduction in the number of doctors per capita

  • an increase in absolute poverty

  • an increase in incomes

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31 mark

A country’s minister for agriculture said

“the biggest challenge the country faces is to develop irrigation so that we are not at the mercy of the weather for crucial export earnings”.

Which type of country is this most likely to be?

  • developed, exporting manufactured goods

  • developed, exporting services

  • developing, exporting primary commodities

  • developing, exporting services

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41 mark

What is a typical characteristic of a developing country?

  • equal distribution of income and wealth

  • good medical care

  • high gross domestic product per head

  • high reliance on natural resources

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51 mark

What is found in a typical developed country?

  • fast rate of economic growth

  • high population growth

  • limited use of technology

  • significant tertiary employment

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11 mark

What is usually found in a developed country?

  • a high GDP per head with a low level of employment

  • a high level of labour skills with a low level of car ownership

  • a high rate of adult literacy with a low level of poverty

  • a high rate of population growth with a low level of labour productivity

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21 mark

What usually happens as a developing country becomes more developed?

  • The average age of the population falls.

  • The fertility rate declines.

  • The infant mortality rate increases.

  • The primary sector expands.

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31 mark

Which change, as a percentage of GDP, would be unlikely to be found in a country as it develops?

  • an increase in average incomes and a decrease in unemployment

  • an increase in manufacturing production and an increase in shipping services

  • an increase in subsistence farming and a decrease in financial services

  • an increase in tourism and a decrease in the export of agricultural products

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4
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Which of the following factors can contribute to differences in economic development between countries?

  • Similar cultural values

  • Equal distribution of natural resources

  • Access to quality education and healthcare

  • The same levels of technological advancement

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5
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What is a consequence of political instability on economic development?

  • Faster economic growth

  • Greater investor confidence

  • Attraction of foreign aid

  • Reduced investment and growth

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11 mark

The table shows the percentage employment in the primary, secondary and service sectors in four countries.

Which country is likely to be the most developed?

 

percentage employment

country

primary sector

secondary sector

service sector

A

B

C

D

10

20

35

40

35

60

35

40

55

20

30

20

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    21 mark

    The table shows the percentage share of GDP held by the richest 20% and poorest 20% of the population in each country.

    Which country had the greatest extremes of income and poverty?

     

    country

    richest 20%

    poorest 20%

    A

    B

    C

    D

    Ghana

    Nigeria

    Senegal

    South Africa

    41.7%

    55.7%

    48.2%

    64.8%

    8.4%

    4.4%

    6.4%

    2.9%

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      3
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      Differences in productivity can have a direct impact on:

      •  Income distribution within a country

      • Climate change policies

      • Cultural diversity

      • International sports events

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      4
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      What is the range of values for the Human Development Index (HDI)?

      • 0 to 10

      • 0 to 100

      • 0 to 1

      • -1 to 1

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      5
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      Which of the following shows the correct HDI category of development based on the HDI score?

       

      Category of development

      HDI Score

      A

      Medium human development

      0.700–0.799

      B

      Low human development

      <0.550

      C

      High human development

      >0.800

      D

      Very high human development

      0.550–0.699

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