Reactivity Series (Edexcel IGCSE Chemistry)

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  • What is the general equation for a metal reacting with an acid?

    The general equation for a metal reacting with an acid is:

    metal + acid → salt + hydrogen

  • True or False?

    Only metals above hydrogen in the reactivity series will react with dilute acids.

    True.

    Only metals above hydrogen in the reactivity series will react with dilute acids.

  • Define the term salt.

    A salt is the ionic compound produced when a metal reacts with an acid.

  • Give the balanced symbol equation for the reaction of calcium with water.

    The equation for the reaction of calcium with water is:

    Ca (s) + 2H2O (l) → Ca(OH)2 (aq) + H2 (g)

  • What is a displacement reaction?

    A displacement reaction is one where a more reactive element takes the place of a less reactive one in a compound.

  • True or False?

    Copper is more reactive than hydrogen.

    False.

    Copper is less reactive than hydrogen.

  • True or False?

    Magnesium reacts rapidly with cold water.

    False.

    Magnesium reacts very slowly with cold water.

  • What are the products when potassium reacts with water?

    The products when potassium reacts with water are potassium hydroxide and hydrogen gas.

  • True or False?

    Sodium is more reactive than potassium.

    False.

    Potassium is more reactive than sodium.

  • State the meaning of the observation "vigorous" for a metal-acid reaction.

    If a metal-acid reaction is described as "vigorous", it means the reaction is rapid and intense

  • True or False?

    A less reactive metal can displace a more reactive metal from its compounds.

    False.

    A more reactive metal will displace a less reactive metal from its compounds.

  • What is a reducing agent?

    A reducing agent is a substance that donates electrons in a redox reaction.

  • Give the balanced symbol equation for the displacement of copper from copper(II) oxide by zinc.

    The balanced symbol equation is:

    Zn + CuO → ZnO + Cu

  • Define oxidation in terms of oxygen transfer.

    Oxidation is any reaction in which a substance gains oxygen.

  • Define the term displacement.

    Displacement means the removal or replacement of one element/compound by another.

  • What is a spectator ion?

    A spectator ion is an ion that does not participate in the chemical reaction and appears unchanged on both sides of the equation.

  • True or False?

    Magnesium can displace copper from copper sulfate solution.

    True.

    Magnesium can displace copper from copper sulfate solution.

  • Define reduction in terms of oxygen transfer.

    Reduction is a reaction in which a substance loses oxygen.

  • What is observed when a more reactive metal displaces a less reactive one from a solution?

    When a more reactive metal displaces a less reactive one, the less reactive metal coats the surface or falls out as a solid.

  • What does it mean if a metal "disappears" from a salt solution during a displacement reaction?

    If a metal "disappears" from a salt solution, it means it has been displaced by a more reactive metal.

  • Give the name of a metal that is above carbon in the reactivity series.

    A metal that is above carbon in the reactivity series is:

    • Potassium

    • Sodium

    • Lithium

    • Calcium

    • Magnesium

    • Aluminium

  • Name a metal that is below hydrogen in the reactivity series

    A metal that is below hydrogen in the reactivity series is:

    • Copper

    • Silver

    • Gold

  • Which metal is more reactive; zinc or iron?

    Zinc is more reactive than iron.

  • Which metal is more reactive; aluminium or zinc?

    Aluminium is more reactive than zinc.

  • What mnemonic can be used to remember the reactivity series?

    One mnemonic to remember the reactivity series is:

    “Please send lions, cats, monkeys and cute zebras into hot countries signed Gordon”

    Potassium, sodium, lithium, calcium, magnesium, carbon, zinc, iron, hydrogen, copper, silver and gold

  • True or False?

    The most reactive metal in the reactivity series is at the bottom.

    False.

    The least reactive metal is at the bottom of the reactivity series

  • What is rust?

    Rust is the hydrated iron(III) oxide that forms on iron when it corrodes.

  • True or False?

    Rusting requires both oxygen and water to occur.

    True.

    Rusting requires both oxygen and water to occur.

  • Define the term corrosion.

    The term corrosion means the degradation or deterioration of a metal surface through a chemical reaction.

  • What does the presence of salt do to the rusting process?

    The presence of salt (sodium chloride) speeds up the rusting process.

  • True or False?

    Iron will rust if kept completely dry.

    False.

    Iron requires the presence of water to rust.

  • What is the process called where a more reactive metal is intentionally allowed to corrode?

    When a more reactive metal is intentionally allowed to corrode to protect another metal, it is called sacrificial corrosion.

  • Define oxidation in terms of electron transfer.

    Oxidation is the loss of electrons by a substance.

  • What is formed when zinc coats iron to prevent rusting?

    When zinc coats iron, zinc carbonate (ZnCO3) is formed which protects the iron.

  • True or False?

    Rusting weakens the structure and integrity of iron over time.

    True.

    Rusting weakens the structure and integrity of iron over time as more iron is lost.

  • Name some barrier methods that prevent rusting.

    Some barrier methods that prevent rusting are:

    • paint

    • grease

    • oil

    • plastic

  • Define oxidation in terms of oxygen.

    Oxidation is any reaction in which a substance gains oxygen.

  • Define reduction in terms of oxygen.

    Reduction is a reaction in which a substance loses oxygen.

  • What is oxidised in the following reaction in terms of oxygen?

    Zn + CuO → ZnO + Cu

    In Zn + CuO → ZnO + Cu, the zinc / Zn is oxidised as it gains oxygen to become zinc oxide / ZnO.

  • Define oxidation in terms of electrons.

    Oxidation is the loss of electrons.

  • Define reduction in terms of electrons.

    Reduction is the gain of electrons.

  • What is oxidised in the following reaction?

    Mg + Cu2+ → Mg2+ + Cu

    In Mg + Cu2+ → Mg2+ + Cu, magnesium (Mg) is oxidised as it loses electrons.

  • Define the term spectator ions.

    Spectator ions are ions that appear unchanged on both sides of a chemical equation and do not participate in the reaction.

  • Define the term oxidising agent in terms of electrons.

    In terms of electrons, an oxidising agent is accepts electrons.

    An oxidising agent is reduced.

  • Define the term redox reaction.

    A redox reaction is when oxidation and reduction take place simultaneously.

  • What is the oxidising agent in the following reaction?

    Cu + 2Ag+ → Cu2+ + 2Ag

    The oxidising agent in the following reaction is Ag+ as it has been reduced / gained electrons.

    Cu + 2Ag+ → Cu2+ + 2Ag