Group 1 (Alkali Metals) (Edexcel IGCSE Chemistry)
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What is Group 1 of the Periodic Table called?
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What is Group 1 of the Periodic Table called?
Group 1 is called the alkali metals.
Name the two products formed when sodium reacts with water.
The two products formed when sodium reacts with water are sodium hydroxide and hydrogen.
Give two properties of Group 1 metals.
Properties of Group 1 metals are:
They are soft
They have relatively low densities
They have relatively low melting points
They are very reactive
Explain why the alkali metals share similar chemical properties.
The alkali metals share similar chemical properties because they all have one electron / the same number of electrons in their outer shell.
Write the word equation for the reaction between lithium and water.
The word equation for the reaction between lithium and water is:
lithium + water
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lithium hydroxide + hydrogen Write the balanced symbol equation for the reaction between potassium and water.
The balanced symbol equation for the reaction between potassium and water is:
2K (s) + 2H2O (l) ⟶ 2KOH (aq) + H2 (g)
Name the product formed when sodium reacts with oxygen.
The product formed when sodium reacts with oxygen is sodium oxide.
Describe the trend in reactivity going down Group 1.
Going down Group 1, reactivity increases.
Give the electronic configuration of a potassium atom.
The electronic configuration of potassium is 2.8.8.1.
Apart from fizzing / effervescence, state two other observations that would be made when sodium is added to water.
Two other observations that would be made when sodium is added to water are:
Floating
Moving
Melting / turning into a ball / sphere
Getting smaller / disappearing / dissolving
Leaving a white trail
True or False?
The reactions of the alkali metals with water get more vigorous as you descend the group.
True.
The reactions of the alkali metals with water get more vigorous as you descend the group.
Define the term ion.
An ion is an atom or molecule with a positive or negative charge due to the gain or loss of electrons.
Explain why reactivity increases going down Group 1.
Reactivity increases going down Group 1 because going down Group 1, the number of shells increases. There is less attraction between the outer electron and the nucleus so the outer electron is more easily lost.
Give the charge of the ions formed when a Group 1 metal loses an electron.
The charge of the ions formed when a Group 1 metal loses an electron is 1+.
True or False?
The energy required to remove the outermost electron increases as you descend the Group 1 metals.
False.
Less energy is required to overcome the force of attraction as it gets weaker, so the outer electron is lost more easily as you descend the Group 1 metals.