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Elements with similar properties are arranged in the same group on the Periodic Table.
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True or False?
Elements with similar properties are arranged in the same group on the Periodic Table.
True.
Elements with similar properties are arranged in the same group on the Periodic Table.
What is a group?
A group is a vertical column on the Periodic Table.
True or False?
The number of electrons in an atom changes during chemical reactions.
True.
The number of electrons in an atom changes during chemical reactions.
What do periods in the Periodic Table indicate?
Periods indicate the number of electron shells in an atom.
How are elements arranged in the Periodic Table?
Elements are arranged by increasing atomic number in periods and groups.
True or False?
Each element has one proton more than the previous one.
True.
Each element has one proton more than the previous one.
What is a period?
A period is a horizontal row on the Periodic Table.
Why are elements arranged by increasing atomic number?
Elements are arranged by increasing atomic number so that they end up in columns with similar properties.
What do groups in the Periodic Table indicate?
Groups indicate the number of outer electrons in an atom.
Silicon has ..... electron shells and ..... outer electrons .
Silicon has 3 electron shells and 4 outer electrons .
What is an electronic configuration?
An electronic configuration is the arrangement of electrons in shells.
True or False?
Electrons occupy the shell closest to the nucleus first.
True.
Electrons occupy the shell closest to the nucleus first.
What is the maximum number of electrons in the first shell?
The first shell can hold a maximum of 2 electrons.
What information does the group give about the electronic configuration?
The group gives the number of outer electrons.
True or False?
Chlorine has 3 shells of electrons.
True.
Chlorine has 3 shells of electrons.
What does the last number in an electronic configuration represent?
The last number in an electronic configuration represents the number of outer electrons.
What is the maximum number of electrons in the second and third shells?
The second and third shells can each hold a maximum of 8 electrons.
In terms of electrons, what are other words for shell?
In terms of electrons, other words for shell include:
Orbit
Orbital
True or False?
Most elements have full outer shells of electrons.
False.
Most elements do not have full outer shells of electrons.
State the electronic configuration of sulfur.
The electronic configuration of sulfur is 2, 8, 6.
True or False?
Non-metals are poor conductors of heat and electricity.
True.
Non-metals are poor conductors of heat and electricity.
True or False?
Most elements are metals.
True.
Most elements are metals.
In terms of their physical state at room temperature, what is the difference between metals and non-metals?
In terms of their physical state at room temperature, metals are typically solid and non-metals can be gases or solids.
Mercury and bromine are exceptions as they are liquid at room temperature.
What properties are used to classify elements as metals or non-metals?
Properties that are used to classify elements as metals or non-metals include:
Conductivity.
Melting / boiling point.
Reaction with acid.
Type of oxide formed.
True or False?
Non-metals are typically malleable and ductile.
False.
Non-metals are typically brittle, while metals are typically malleable and ductile.
Where are non-metals generally located on the Periodic Table?
Non-metals are generally located on the right-hand side of the Periodic Table.
What type of oxide do metals normally form?
Metals normally form basic oxides.
Do metals or non-metals generally have low melting and boiling points?
Non-metals generally have low melting and boiling points.
True or False?
Non-metals react with acids.
False.
Non-metals do not generally react with acids.
State the characteristic properties of metals and non-metals.
Metals typically have high electrical conductivity, are malleable / ductile, react with acids and form basic oxides.
Non-metals typically have lower electrical conductivity, are brittle, do not react with acids and form acidic oxides.
True or False?
Elements in the same period have similar chemical properties.
False.
Elements in the same group have similar chemical properties because they have the same number of outer electrons.
Why do elements in the same group have similar chemical properties?
Elements in the same group have similar chemical properties because they have the same number of outer electrons.
True or False?
Helium has only one shell of electrons.
True.
Helium has only one shell of electrons - the first and innermost shell, which holds only 2 electrons.
Describe a noble gas.
A noble gas:
Is in Group 0.
Has a full outer shell of electrons.
Is generally unreactive.
Why are the noble gases unreactive?
The noble gases are unreactive because they have a full outer shell of electrons, which is an extremely stable electronic configuration.
What is the trend in reactivity for Group 1 elements?
The Group 1 metals become more reactive as you move down the group.
Describe the trend in reactivity for Group 7.
Group 7 elements become less reactive as you move down the group.
True or False?
Noble gases have full outer shells of electrons.
True.
Noble gases have full outer shells of electrons.
State the electronic configuration of neon.
Neon's electronic configuration is 2, 8.