11 mark
What change occurs to an atom when it forms a negative ion?
It loses electrons.
It gains protons.
It gains electrons.
It loses protons.
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Ions & Ionic Bonds (Cambridge (CIE) IGCSE Chemistry)
Exam Questions
3 hours38 questions21 mark
Lithium and chlorine react together to form lithium chloride. During formation, each lithium atom…..1….. one …..2….. which is completely …..3….. to the chlorine atom.
What words correctly fill gaps 1, 2 and 3?
| 1 | 2 | 3 |
A | gains | electron | shared |
B | loses | electron | transferred |
C | gains | proton | transferred |
D | loses | proton | shared |
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31 mark
Which of the statements describes ionic bonding?
Electrostatic attraction between atoms
Electrostatic attraction between positively charged particles and delocalised electrons
Electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions
Electrostatic attraction between the nuclei of two atoms and a shared pair of electrons
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41 mark
Extended Only
The structure of an ionic compound, sodium chloride, is a lattice structure.
Which of the following statements about an ionic lattice structure is not true?
There is a regular arrangement of ions in the lattice
The layers of ions slide over each other easily in the lattice
The ions are arranged with alternating anions and cations
Strong electrostatic forces of attraction occur between oppositely charged ions
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51 mark
Extended Only
Magnesium is a Group II element and chlorine is a Group VII element.
These elements react together to form an ionic compound.
Which row is correct?
| Mg electron change | Mg ion formed | Formula of compound |
A | gain | Mg2+ | Mg2Cl |
B | gain | Mg+ | MgCl2 |
C | lost | Mg2+ | MgCl2 |
D | lost | Mg+ | Mg2Cl2 |
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11 mark
Which element does not form a stable ion with the same electronic configuration as neon?
Magnesium
Fluorine
Sodium
Chlorine
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21 mark
The electronic configuration of an ion was determined to be 2.8.8.
What could the identity of the ion be?
| Ca2+ | S2- |
A |
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B |
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C |
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D |
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31 mark
The table below shows the properties of four substances, W, X, Y and Z.
Substance | Melting point | Boiling point | Conducts electricity when | |
| / o C | / o C | solid | liquid |
W | 3410 | 5930 | yes | yes |
X | 801 | 1413 | no | yes |
Y | 3550 | 4830 | no | no |
Z | -91 | 98 | no | no |
Use the information in the table to identify the substance that is an ionic compound.
Substance W
Substance X
Substance Y
Substance Z
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41 mark
Extended Only
Calcium reacts with fluorine to form calcium fluoride
Which statement describes what happens to calcium atoms in this reaction?
Calcium ions lose electrons to form positive charges. .
Calcium atoms gain 3 electrons to form positive ions.
Calcium ions gain 2 electrons to form positive ions.
Calcium atoms lose 2 electrons to form positive ions.
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51 mark
Extended Only
Which of the following dot-and-cross diagrams shows the correct arrangement of electrons in lithium sulfide?
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11 mark
Ionic compounds are formed when a metal reacts with a nonmetal.
Which two elements combine to form this kind of compound?
Element | Electronic structure |
Q | 2.4 |
R | 2.8 |
S | 2.8.1 |
T | 2.8.7 |
S and T
R and S
Q and R
Q and T
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21 mark
The electronic structures of atoms X and Y are shown.
X and Y combine by ionic bonding.
What is the formula of the compound produced?
X2Y
X2Y2
X2Y4
XY
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31 mark
The electronic structures of atoms X and Y are shown.
X and Y combine by ionic bonding.
What is the formula of the compound produced?
X2Y
X2Y2
X2Y4
XY
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41 mark
Ionic compounds are formed when metals react with nonmetals.
Which row correctly describes the electron transfer when an ionic bond is formed and the nature of the bond?
| Electron transfer | Nature of bond |
A | Metal to nonmetal | Opposite ions attract |
B | Metal to nonmetal | Opposite ions repel |
C | Metal to metal | Same ions repel |
D | Nonmetal to metal | Opposite ions attract |
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51 mark
Ionic compounds are formed when a metal reacts with a nonmetal.
Which two elements combine to form this kind of compound?
Element | Electronic structure |
Q | 2.8.8.1 |
R | 2.8.7 |
S | 2.8.4 |
T | 2.8.8 |
Q and T
Q and R
R and S
S and T
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61 mark
Potassium and bromine chemically combine to form the compound potassium bromide.
During formation, each bromine atom…..1….. one electron which is completely …..2….. from the outer shell of the potassium atom. The …..3….. force of attraction is formed from the attraction between the opposite charges on each ion.
What words correctly fill gaps 1, 2 and 3?
| 1 | 2 | 3 |
A | loses | shared | electrical |
B | loses | transferred | intermolecular |
C | gains | shared | electrostatic |
D | gains | transferred | electrostatic |
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71 mark
The table below shows four different substances.
Which substance does the type of bonding shown not match?
| Substance | Type of bonding present | ||
Ionic | Covalent | Metallic | ||
A | Fluorine |
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B | Potassium chloride |
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C | Beryllium |
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D | Sodium bromide |
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81 mark
Extended Only
The bonding present in a substance determines the structure and properties of that substance.
Which of the following statements is a correct description of the structure of an ionic compound?
A lattice structure with an irregular arrangement of alternating positive and negative ions
A lattice structure with a regular arrangement of alternating positive and negative ions
A random structure with a regular arrangement of alternating positive and negative ions
A random structure with an irregular arrangement of alternating positive and negative ions
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91 mark
Extended Only
The ionic lattice structure of potassium chloride is shown below.
Which of the following statements best describes the bonding and structure of KCl?
A small lattice structure held together by electrostatic forces between oppositely charged ions which act in all directions.
A small lattice structure held together by electrostatic forces between like charged ions which act in all directions.
A giant lattice structure held together by electrostatic forces between oppositely charged ions which act in all directions.
A giant lattice structure held together by electrostatic forces between oppositely charged ions which act in one direction only.
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101 mark
Extended Only
A student analysed an ionic compound and a covalent compound using a melting point apparatus. She found the ionic compound had a much higher melting point than the covalent compound.
Which statement explains this observation?
Ionic compounds are formed from metals only.
Ionic compounds are formed from nonmetals and nonmetals.
There are strong electrostatic forces of attraction in ionic compounds.
There are strong intermolecular forces in ionic compounds.
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