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True or False?
Most elements are metals.
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True or False?
Most elements are metals.
True.
Most elements are metals.
Do metals or non-metals generally have low melting and boiling points?
Non-metals generally have low melting and boiling points.
Define the term malleable.
Malleable means the metal can be hammered into different shapes.
True or false?
Metals can conduct electricity but not heat.
False.
Metals can conduct electricity and heat.
Give two properties of metals.
Properties of metals include:
Conduct heat and conduct electricity.
Are malleable and ductile.
Have high melting and boiling points.
Name the products formed when metals with react with acids.
When metals react with acids, a salt and hydrogen are formed.
Name the product formed when copper reacts with oxygen.
The product formed when copper reacts with oxygen is copper oxide.
Write the word equation for the general reaction between a metal and water.
The word equation for the general reaction between a metal and water is:
metal + water → metal hydroxide + hydrogen
True or false?
When metals react with steam, they form a metal hydroxide and hydrogen.
False.
When metals react with steam, they form a metal oxide and hydrogen.
Why can metals conduct electricity?
Metals conduct electricity because they have delocalised electrons which are able to move through the structure.
Which metal is used to make food cans because it is resistant to corrosion?
The metal used to make food cans because it is resistant to corrosion is aluminium.
True or False?
Aluminium is used for making aircraft, electrical wires and water pipes.
False.
Aluminium is used for making aircraft and electrical wires (overhead cables).
Copper is used for electrical wiring.
Why is aluminium a better choice than copper for overhead electrical cables?
Aluminium is a better choice than copper for overhead electrical cables because it has a lower density.
Which metal is used for electrical wiring?
Copper is used for electrical wiring.
Give two properties of copper that make it suitable for electrical wiring.
Copper is suitable for electrical wiring because it has good electrical conductivity and is ductile.
Define the term ductile.
Ductile describes the ability to be drawn into a wire.
What is an alloy?
An alloy is a mixture of metals, where the metals are mixed together physically but are not chemically combined.
State an advantage of using alloys over pure metals.
Advantages of using alloys over pure metals are:
Greater strength
Greater hardness
Increased resistance to corrosion
Increased resistance to extreme temperatures
True or False?
Alloys can be made from metals mixed with non-metals.
True.
Alloys can also be made from metals mixed with non-metals such as carbon.
Describe the structure of an alloy.
Alloys contain atoms of different sizes which distort the regular arrangement of atoms.
Explain why alloys are harder than pure metals. (Extended tier only)
The increased hardness and strength of an alloy is caused by the different size atoms which distort the regular arrangements of atoms, preventing the layers from sliding over each other easily.
True or False?
Alloys are chemically combined mixtures of metals.
False.
Alloys are physical mixtures of metals, where the metals are not chemically combined.
How do properties of alloys differ from pure metals?
Alloys often have greater strength / hardness, or resistance to corrosion / extreme temperatures compared to pure metals.
Give one use of stainless steel.
Uses of stainless steel include:
Cutlery
Sinks
Chemical plants
Name the two main elements in steel alloys.
The two main elements in steel alloys are iron and carbon.
True or false?
Brass is an alloy of copper and tin.
False.
Brass is an alloy of copper and zinc.
Why is stainless steel used in cutlery?
Stainless steel is used in cutlery because it is hard and resistant to rusting.