How Businesses Motivate Employees (Edexcel IGCSE Business)

Revision Note

Lisa Eades

Written by: Lisa Eades

Reviewed by: Steve Vorster

Financial Incentives

  • Financial incentives are rewards or payments given to employees in return for their labour or improved performance

  • The different theories of human motivation offer varying perspectives on the role of money in motivating staff

    • Herzberg's Two Factor Theory says that money is not generally a motivator, but the lack of it leads to dissatisfaction

    • Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs argues that people move through levels of needs that motivate them; their lower-order needs are closely linked to financial rewards, while their higher-order needs are rarely linked to pay

      • Physiological and safety needs can be partially met by providing adequate pay 

      • Love and Belonging needs are often met by encouraging aspects such as teamwork

  • Businesses commonly use a mixture of financial and non-financial methods to motivate workers

    • This helps to meet the individual needs of different workers they employ and helps avoid wasting financial rewards on those for whom it would be unlikely to improve their performance

 

Diagram: Financial Incentives

Diagram of examples of financial methods of motivation

Financial incentives motivate some employees, depending upon the importance that they place on monetary items/money as a reward

  

An Explanation of Financial Incentives Available to Businesses

Incentive Type

Explanation

Remuneration

  • Basic wages or salary that a worker receives for their labour

  • Employees who work on an hourly rate are paid wages and accrue benefits such as annual leave according to the hours they work

  • Salaries are paid to full-time staff and usually accompanied by benefits such as a fixed number of days of annual leave

Commission

  • A percentage of sales revenue is paid to workers who sell products or services

  • Commonly used in sales roles to motivate staff to sell more and upsell

Bonus

  • An additional payment given to staff for achieving specific goals, completing projects on time or exceeding performance expectations

  • The opportunity to earn more money may motivate staff to work harder and achieve better results

Promotion

  • Promotion usually demands a higher level of responsibility from an employee in the job role

    • Higher pay is usually offered to reflect the increased responsibility

  • A clear promotion pathway can act as a motivator to improve productivity and staff performance

Fringe Benefits

  • These are additional benefits usually offered to salaried employees

    • Fringe befits could include the use of a company car, private healthcare or gym membership

  • Employees can be motivated to work hard in order to keep their job and the associated fringe benefits

Non-financial Incentives

  • Non-financial incentives are rewards that are not directly related to money

  • These incentives may be intangible and include methods that lead to recognition, praise or job satisfaction
     

Types of Non-financial Incentives

Incentive Type

Explanation

Autonomy

  • Involves giving staff the authority and resources to make decisions and take action without first receiving management approval

    • Increases staff sense of ownership and responsibility, leading to improved productivity

Job enrichment

  • Involves adding more challenging or meaningful tasks to a job

  •  Staff feel more motivated and engaged, leading to improved productivity

Job rotation

  • Involves moving staff between broadly similar but varied roles in the business

  • Exposes staff to new challenges and experiences, which can increase motivation, understanding and skill

Examiner Tips and Tricks

Make sure that you understand the difference between job rotation and job enrichment. Job rotation means that workers complete further tasks at the same level, whereas job enrichment involves taking on more challenging or varied tasks.

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Lisa Eades

Author: Lisa Eades

Expertise: Business Content Creator

Lisa has taught A Level, GCSE, BTEC and IBDP Business for over 20 years and is a senior Examiner for Edexcel. Lisa has been a successful Head of Department in Kent and has offered private Business tuition to students across the UK. Lisa loves to create imaginative and accessible resources which engage learners and build their passion for the subject.

Steve Vorster

Author: Steve Vorster

Expertise: Economics & Business Subject Lead

Steve has taught A Level, GCSE, IGCSE Business and Economics - as well as IBDP Economics and Business Management. He is an IBDP Examiner and IGCSE textbook author. His students regularly achieve 90-100% in their final exams. Steve has been the Assistant Head of Sixth Form for a school in Devon, and Head of Economics at the world's largest International school in Singapore. He loves to create resources which speed up student learning and are easily accessible by all.