Cell Structure & Size of Specimens (CIE IGCSE Biology: Co-ordinated Sciences (Double Award))

Fig. 1

State the names of structures F, G and H.

[3]

On Fig. 1 draw:

• a line labelled K to show where the genetic material is found
• a line labelled L to show the position of the cell membrane.

State the name of this type of plant cell.

[1]

Table 1 shows some aspects of plant and animals.

Place a tick (✓) in the appropriate cells of Table 1.

Table 1

Name two animal cell organelles that would be expected to occur in large numbers in a metabolically active cell.

Fig. 2 shows some information about specialised cells.

Fig. 2

For each cell shown, identify the type of specialised cell and match it to the correct function.

Draw a bacterial cell, showing its main cellular components.

Animal and plant cells have some structural features in common.

Name two structures you would find in both an animal cell and a plant cell.

Fig. 1

Name structure X.

Calculate the actual length of structure X in Fig. 1.

Show your working.

Failure of structure X to develop properly in the cells of a plant root could be catastrophic to a plant. 

Explain why.

Extended Tier Only

Fig. 1 shows three different cells.

Fig. 1

Calculate the size ratio of the bacterial cell compared to the liver cell and mesophyll cell.

Explain how the structure of root hair cells allows them to carry out their specific function in plants.

Extended Tier Only

Some scientists completed a study to investigate the starch content of roots in a species of grass at four points throughout the year in a country in the northern hemisphere. 

Their results can be seen in Fig. 2

Fig. 2

Explain how the starch found in the roots of grass species helps to support growth of the grass.

Calculate the percentage change of stored starch from October to January and suggest a reason for this change.

Extended only

Place the following cellular measurements into order, starting with the smallest.

The palisade mesophyll cell in Fig. 1 is printed in a student's text book.

Magnification: 7800×

Fig. 1

The student measures the height of the printed image as 6.2 cm. 

Calculate the actual height of the palisade cell. 

Extended Tier Only

An artery supplies blood from a man's shoulder to his wrist before it splits to supply the hand.

Identify the statement(s) about the artery in Table 1 that could be correct.

Place a tick (✓) in the box(es) that show(s) a plausible statement. 

Table 1

Compare and contrast the structure of animal and bacterial cells.

Describe how a single-celled zygote can develop into a baby.

Fig. 1 shows some parts of the human body.

Fig. 1

Identify each structure and the level of organisation to which each belongs.

Fig. 2 shows a series of human muscle cells from a person's leg muscle.

Fig. 2

Identify the level of organisation to which these cells belong.

A new-born baby is thought to have around 1 250 000 000 000 (1.25 × 10¹²) cells. That same baby, as an adult male, is estimated to have 37 000 000 000 000 (3.7 × 10¹³) cells.

If the new-born baby had a mass of 3.1 kg at birth, estimate the mass of the adult male. Give your answer in appropriate units to the nearest whole number. 

Extended Tier Only

Table 1

Extended Tier Only

The mass of bacterial cells was measured in femtograms (fg).

1 femtogram = 1 x 10^-15g

Fig. 1

Calculate the mass of bacteria, in grams, immediately after binary fission when the cell growth rate was 0.1 fg s^-1.Give your answer in standard form.

Extended Tier Only

The electron micrograph in Fig. 2 shows some cellular structure in a leaf. A student uses a ruler to measure the scale bar, which is found to be 1.5 cm.

Calculate the magnification of the image.