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Xylem & Phloem (CIE IGCSE Biology: Co-ordinated Sciences (Double Award))
Revision Note
The Xylem & Phloem
- Plants contain two types of transport vessel:
- Xylem (pronounced: zi-lem) vessels – transport water and minerals from the roots to the stem and leaves. They also offer support to the plant within the stem
- Phloem (pronounced: flow-em) vessels – transport food materials (mainly sucrose and amino acids) made by the plant from photosynthesising leaves to non-photosynthesising regions in the roots and stem
- These vessels are arranged throughout the root, stem and leaves in groups called vascular bundles
Vascular tissue in a dicotyledonous plant
Examiner Tip
If you are asked to identify the xylem or phloem in a diagram showing a cross-section of a root, stem or leaf just remember that xylem is always on the inside and phloem is always on the outside.
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