Exam code: 0610 & 0970
Students were discussing how to remember the difference between two groups of cells, ‘many, minute and motile’ or ‘few, fat and fixed’.
What group of cells were they referring to?
Male and female gametes
Animal and plant cells
Red and white blood cells
Xylem and phloem cells
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The statements below are about different hormones in the human body.
Produced by the pancreas.
Causes the voice to deepen at puberty.
Causes an egg to mature in the menstrual cycle.
Promotes the development of stronger muscles.
Which of these statements are correct for testosterone?
1 and 2
2 and 4
3 and 4
4 only
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There are a number of hormones that control fertility in women.
Which one of these maintains the lining during pregnancy?
Oestrogen
Progesterone
FSH
Testosterone
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The diagram shows a human sperm cell. The sperm cell has many mitochondria in the mid section.
How do the mitochondria help the sperm carry out its function?
They carry the genetic information from the male parent.
They release energy for movement.
They help the sperm enter the egg.
They make proteins.
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Which of the following is not an advantage of asexual reproduction?
Population numbers can increase rapidly when conditions are favourable.
Asexual reproduction is very time and energy efficient.
It leads to increased genetic variation within a population.
Asexual reproduction enables organisms to exploit suitable environments fast.
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Which environmental conditions must always be present for seed germination?
carbon dioxide and water
light and suitable temperature
oxygen and carbon dioxide
water and oxygen
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What is formed when the nucleus of a sperm fuses with the nucleus of an egg?
Gamete
Ovule
Stamen
Zygote
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The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) can be transmitted in body fluid.
Some examples of body fluids are listed.
blood
saliva
semen
tear fluid
Which body fluids can transmit HIV?
1, 2, 3 and 4
1, 2, and 3 only
1 and 3 only
3 only
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Which row describes sexual reproduction?
gamete nucleus | zygote nucleus | genetically different offspring produced | |
|---|---|---|---|
A | diploid | diploid | no |
B | diploid | haploid | no |
C | haploid | diploid | yes |
D | haploid | haploid | yes |
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Which organ secretes the most progesterone during pregnancy?
adrenal gland
ovary
placenta
uterus
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Which structure in the male reproductive system makes the fluid for sperm to swim in?
penis
scrotum
prostate gland
testis
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What is an example of sexual reproduction?
One bacterial cell dividing to produce two daughter bacterial cells
One banana plant being divided into two banana plants
One pollen grain nucleus fusing with one ovule nucleus in a flower
One yeast cell producing buds which separate to become new yeast cells
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The diagram shows a cross-section of an insect-pollinated flower.
Which label is the stigma?
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Which sequence of structures does a pollen tube grow through in a flower?
ovary → ovule → stigma → style
ovary → stigma → ovule → style
stigma → style → ovary → ovule
stigma → ovary → style → ovule
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During birth the following processes happen:
Breaking of the amniotic sac
Contraction of the muscles in the uterine wall
Cutting of the umbilical cord
In which order do these processes usually occur?
2 → 3 → 1
2 → 1 → 3
3 → 1 → 2
3 → 2 → 1
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The diagrams show 3 different species of pollen grains as they appear under a microscope. The diagrams are all to the same scale.
Which pollen grains are involved in insect pollination?
1 and 2
2 and 3
2 only
All of them
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The table below shows some advantages and disadvantages of sexual and asexual reproduction.
Which row is correct?
| advantages of sexual reproduction | advantage of asexual reproduction |
A | less population growth | only one parent needed |
B | more energy efficient | gametes can be transferred by the environment |
C | no transfer of gametes | does not compete with parent for nutrients |
D | more genetic variation | faster |
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HIV is an STI. The following statements are about changes that could occur in the body.
Reduced antibody production
Reduction in red blood cells
Reduction in white blood cells
Reduced volume of blood plasma
Which of these statements would be correct for HIV?
1 and 2
2 and 4
3 and 4
1 and 3
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The diagram shows the female reproductive system.
After ejaculation, which pathway will the male gamete take to fuse with the egg?
Vagina → cervix → uterus → oviduct
Ovary → oviduct → uterus → cervix
Vagina → uterus → cervix → oviduct
Ovary → uterus → cervix → vagina
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The diagram shows part of a flower.
Where does fertilisation occur?
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The diagram shows the female reproductive system.
Where does implantation normally occur?
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The diagram shows a timeline of a woman’s menstrual cycle, which lasts for 28 days.
On which days of the menstrual cycle is a woman most likely to ovulate?
days 1–4
days 7–10
days 13–16
days 20–23
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A gardener wants to produce many genetically identical plants from a single plant.
The diagram shows different methods of growing new plants.
Which methods will produce plants that are genetically identical to the parent plant?
1, 2 and 3
1 and 2 only
1 and 3 only
2 and 3 only
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The graph shows a woman’s body temperature during the menstrual cycle.
On which days is the woman most likely to become pregnant?
days 0–5
days 6–12
days 13–18
days 19–28
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A zygote has ten chromosomes in its nucleus.
Which row shows the number of chromosomes in the cells of this species?
body cells | sperm cells | embryo cells | |
A | 5 | 5 | 10 |
B | 5 | 10 | 20 |
C | 10 | 5 | 10 |
D | 10 | 10 | 20 |
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How will the composition of a pregnant woman’s blood change as it passes through the placenta?
concentration of dissolved oxygen | concentration of urea | |
A | decreases | decreases |
B | decreases | increases |
C | increases | decreases |
D | increases | increases |
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The diagram below shows a flower.
Which of these processes have taken place?
| pollination | fertilisation |
A | no | no |
B | no | yes |
C | yes | yes |
D | yes | no |
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An experiment was set up with four test tubes as shown in the diagram below and placed in the dark.
In which conditions would the seeds germinate first?
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The diagram shows the menstrual cycle. This is a 28 day cycle.
Which time range in the cycle is the woman most likely to get pregnant?
Days 1 - 4
Days 7 - 10
Days 13 - 16
Days 20 - 23
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Germinating seeds were placed in different temperature and light conditions as shown in the table below.
sample | temperature / °C | light |
1 | 20 | absent |
2 | 20 | present |
3 | 4 | absent |
4 | 4 | present |
A seedling was removed from each experiment after 7 days.
Which seedling was from sample 2?
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The graphs below show the levels of two hormones involved in the menstrual cycle and the thickness of the uterus lining.
Which of these statements is supported by evidence from the graphs?
Within 5 days of ovulation, the uterus lining gets thinner.
A large increase in progesterone always results in the thickening of the uterus lining.
Each time the oestrogen concentration increases the uterus lining gets thicker.
At ovulation the thickness of the lining is highest.
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The diagram shows some of the events of the menstrual cycle.
In which shaded zone of the cycle would progesterone levels be the highest?
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