Organisation of Cells (Cambridge (CIE) IGCSE Biology): Revision Note
Producing New Cells
The cells in your body need to be able to divide to help your body grow and repair itself
Cells grow and divide over and over again
New cells are produced by the division of existing cells
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Specialised Cells
Specialised cells in animals
Specialised cells are those which have developed certain characteristics in order to perform particular functions. These differences are controlled by genes in the nucleus
Cells specialise by undergoing differentiation: this is a process by which cells develop the structure and characteristics needed to be able to carry out their functions
Specialised Cells in Animals Table
Diagrams of specialised cells in animals:
Ciliated cell
Nerve cell
Red blood cells
Sperm cell
Egg cell
Examples of specialised cells in plants:
Diagrams of specialised cells in plants:
Root hair cell
Xylem structure
Palisade mesophyll cell
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Levels of Organisation in an Organism
Levels of organisation
Your syllabus states that you should be able to identify the different levels of organisation in drawings, diagrams and images of familiar material
An example of this is shown in the exam question below:
Typical levels of organisation question
Examiner Tips and Tricks
Most incorrect answers here come from not being able to identify a tissue, so it’s worth making sure you understand and remember that tissues are always made up of only one type of cell.
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