Labelling Theory - GCSE Sociology Definition

Labelling theory is a concept in sociology that explains how the labels or terms applied to individuals or groups can affect their behaviour and identity.

In the context of GCSE Sociology, it suggests that when society labels someone, for example, as a 'troublemaker' or 'deviant,' this label can lead to a self-fulfilling prophecy where the individual starts to behave according to the label given to them. This theory highlights the power of societal reactions and stereotypes, emphasising that the way people are perceived by others can significantly influence their life chances and personal development.

Labelling can particularly impact areas such as education, where students might be categorised by teachers in ways that affect their academic progress and self-esteem.