Brain Stem - GCSE Psychology Definition

The brain stem is a vital part of the human brain located at the base, connecting the brain to the spinal cord. In GCSE Psychology, students learn that it controls many automatic functions essential for survival, such as breathing, heart rate, and sleep cycles. It acts as a relay centre, transmitting information between the brain and the rest of the body. The brain stem comprises three main parts: the midbrain, the pons, and the medulla oblongata, each playing a crucial role in maintaining bodily functions without conscious thought. Understanding the brain stem helps students appreciate how the body manages critical life-supporting tasks.