Autonomic Functions - GCSE Psychology Definition

Autonomic functions are the involuntary physiological processes controlled by the autonomic nervous system, which is a part of the peripheral nervous system crucial for maintaining homeostasis in the body. These functions include regulating heart rate, digestion, respiratory rate, salivation, perspiration, pupil dilation, urination, and sexual arousal. The autonomic nervous system operates subconsciously and consists of two main branches: the sympathetic nervous system, which prepares the body for 'fight or flight' responses during stress or danger, and the parasympathetic nervous system, which promotes 'rest and digest' activities that help the body to relax and recuperate. Understanding these functions is essential for GCSE Psychology students to grasp how the body automatically manages vital processes without conscious effort, highlighting the interconnected nature of psychological and physiological systems.