In Medias Res - GCSE English Literature Definition

What is in medias res?

In GCSE English Literature and GCSE English Language, in medias res is a technique where a writer begins their narrative in the middle of events, without any introduction. Instead of setting the scene, or introducing characters, the story begins mid-plot.

Why do writers use in medias res?

Writers use in medias res to transport a reader into the middle of the action of the story. It can create a sense of immediacy, which can engage a reader from the outset. It can also create a sense of tension or mystery since the reader will often be intrigued to discover how events unfolded to this point in the plot.

Example of in medias res

In William Golding’s novel Lord of the Flies, the first chapter describes the aftermath of a plane crash, without describing exactly how, why or when the schoolboys end up on the deserted island. Golding purposefully avoids giving the reader this preamble so that he can focus his novel on something more abstract: human nature and how the boys attempt to create a civilisation for themselves.

Revision resources to ace your exams

Learn how to explore a writer’s use of in medias res, and how to use it in your own creative writing, by using our detailed GCSE revision notes.

GCSE English Literature Revision Notes

GCSE English Language Revision Notes

For more literary techniques, check out our list of 127 top literary devices, complete with student-friendly definitions.