Stanza - GCSE English Language Definition

What is a stanza?

In GCSE English Literature and GCSE English Language, a stanza is a grouped set of lines in a poem. Stanzas function similarly to paragraphs in prose, helping to structure a poem and organise its ideas.

Why do poets use stanzas?

Poets use stanzas to control the rhythm, pace and structure of a poem. Different stanza lengths and patterns can influence the tone and meaning, guiding the reader’s interpretation.

Example of a stanza

A clear example of stanza use appears in London by William Blake. The poem is structured into four stanzas. For example:

"I wander through each chartered street,
Near where the chartered Thames does flow,
And mark in every face I meet
Marks of weakness, marks of woe."

Each stanza in London follows a strict ABAB rhyme scheme, reinforcing the poem’s rhythmic and controlled tone. This rigid structure reflects the oppression and restriction in the city, mirroring the themes of suffering and control that Blake explores.

Revision resources to ace your exams

Learn how to explore a poet's use of stanzas by using our detailed GCSE revision notes.

GCSE English Literature Revision Notes

GCSE English Language Revision Notes

For more literary techniques, check out our list of 127 top literary devices, complete with student-friendly definitions.