Prose - GCSE English Language Definition

What is prose?

In GCSE English Literature and GCSE English Language, prose is written or spoken language in its ordinary form, without the structured patterns of poetry. In GCSE English Literature, prose refers to fictional works such as novels and short stories. In GCSE English Language, prose is any continuous piece of writing, including both fiction and non-fiction texts.

Why do writers use prose?

Writers use prose because it is natural and accessible. It mimics everyday speech, allowing writers to develop characters, settings and plots in a structured and detailed way. Unlike poetry, prose does not have to follow strict rules of rhyme or rhythm, giving writers more freedom in how they convey their message.

Examples of prose

In A Christmas Carol, Charles Dickens uses prose to describe Scrooge's isolation in a straightforward yet powerful way:

"Scrooge was his sole executor, his sole administrator, his sole assign, his sole residuary legatee, his sole friend, and sole mourner."

In An Inspector Calls, J.B. Priestley uses prose in a speech by the Inspector, structured in complete sentences:

"We don't live alone. We are members of one body. We are responsible for each other. And I tell you that the time will soon come when, if men will not learn that lesson, then they will be taught it in fire and blood and anguish."

This example expresses a clear idea without poetic devices, and uses persuasive and dramatic language to convey Priestley's social message.

Revision resources to ace your exams

Learn how to explore a writer's use of prose, and how to use it in your own creative writing, by using our detailed GCSE revision notes.

GCSE English Literature Revision Notes

GCSE English Language Revision Notes

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