Formal verse - GCSE English Language Definition

Formal verse is a type of poetry that follows specific rules and structures concerning rhyme, metre and stanzas. Unlike free verse, which does not adhere to set patterns, formal verse requires the poet to conform to established conventions, such as sonnets, haikus, or villanelles, each with its own distinct format.

For GCSE English students, understanding formal verse involves recognising how these structured elements contribute to the overall meaning and emotional impact of a poem. By exploring various forms, students can appreciate how poets skilfully manipulate language within constraints to create rhythm, evoke emotions, and convey complex ideas.

The following example of formal verse, taken from Shakespeare's Macbeth, uses iambic pentameter and follows a consistent metrical pattern, which is a key element of formal verse:

"If it were done when 'tis done, then 'twere well

It were done quickly: if the assassination

Could trammel up the consequence, and catch

With his surcease success..."

Act 1, Scene 7